14日,由中国航天员科研训练中心和深圳太空科技南方研究院主导,16个国内外单位共同参与的“绿航星际”4人180天受控生态生保系统集成试验(“太空180”大科学试验)圆满收官。
After spending 180 days sealed in a "space capsule" in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, in an experiment to simulate a long journey to Mars, four volunteers finally got to "return" to Earth on Wednesday as the experiment concluded.
在广东深圳“太空舱”封闭了180天之后,四名参加模拟火星之旅试验的志愿者终于在14日试验结束后“返回”地球。
本次试验的全名为“受控生态生保系统集成试验”(integrated experiment of controlled ecological life support system),试验于6月17日正式开启,由中国航天员科研训练中心、深圳市太空科技南方研究院组织,志愿者在密闭的循环舱内按照“火星时间”(Mars time,火星上的一天为24小时40分钟)进行180天的封闭工作和生活,密闭舱由乘员舱(astronauts section)、生物舱(plants section)、生保舱(life support section)、资源舱(storage section)4类8个舱段组成,包括环境控制(environment control)、循环再生(recycle)、测控管理(monitor and management)3类14个子系统,面积370平方米,但不模拟太空失重状态。
试验中,生存所需的全部氧气和70%的食物都在舱内自给自足(all oxygen and 70 percent of the food the group consumed was produced within the module),而水资源则达到99%循环利用(99 percent of water was recycled inside the capsule)。
参加试验的四名志愿者在密闭舱中种了25种植物,包括小麦、土豆、红薯、草莓、花生、大白菜等,这些植物构成了密闭舱生态系统的一部分(part of a ecological system that helps recycle and regenerate oxygen and water)。
在180天中,4名志愿者状态良好。在食品保障、生活保障、医监医保、心理支持、体育锻炼等保障分系统的支持下,克服了密闭环境带来的身心挑战,均保持了良好的任务执行能力。以人机关系为研究重点的各项医学试验(medical experiments)正常推进,人的身体、心理、情绪、认知等各类试验数据(data on physical, psychological, emotional and cognitive states)按计划获取。
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