资料宝库：中考英语常见错误IandJ系列

I

if 

［误］ If it will rain I won't go to school tomorrow.

［正］ If it rains I won't go to school tomorrow.

［析］ 由if引起的状语从句要用一般时表示将来。

［误］ I want to know if he comes here tomorrow.

［正］ I want to know if he will come here tomorrow.

［析］ if所引起的如果是宾语从句则不能用一般现在时表示将来。

［误］ I want to know if it will rain tomorrow he will come or not.

［正］ I want to know if it rains tomorrow he will come or not.

［析］ 这里的if从句是整个宾语从句的条件状语，所以，还应用一般时表示将来。

ill 

［误］ He spent many years looking after his ill father.

［正］ He spent many years looking after his sick father.

［析］ ill和sick都可以作表语，如： I'm ill (sick). 美国英语中常用sick， 而英国英语中两者都可用，但ill一般不作定语。

in 

［误］ In a cold morning, I went to school alone.

［正］ On a cold morning, I went to school alone.

［析］ 在in the morning或in the afternoon词组中，不论在这两个名词的前或后加任何修饰词，其介词in都要变为on.

［误］ I will finish it after two days.

［正］ I will finish it in two days.

［析］ 中文中几天以后可以完成，或几天后来取，在译为英文时都不要用after，而要用in.如： He will be back in a few days.

in into 

作为副词应用in，而不能用into，如： Come in, please. 又若在句中不涉及到动词的位置，只是表达空间的位置时用in，如： The teacher in the office is my mother. 但在go, run, come, walk, dive等词后则要用into. 如： She dives into the river.

instead 

［误］ The boy stayed in bed all day instead to go to school.

［正］ The boy stayed in bed all day instead of going to school.

［析］ instead of其后要接动名词、名词或代词，而不能用不定式，如： I choose this book instead of that one.

［误］ The beer here is not good, so I drink wine instead of it.

［正］ The beer here is not good, so I drink wine instead.

［析］ instead是副词，而instead of是介词短语。如： If you are not free, you may come another day instead.

interest 

［误］ He has a great interest for physics.

［正］ He has a great interest in physics.

［误］ He has some interest in many companies.

［正］ He has some interests in many companies.

［析］ interest作为"兴趣"讲可用作不可数名词，但作为"利息"、"股份"讲时为可数名词。

［误］ This is an interested book.

［正］ This is an interesting book.

［析］ 修饰物时应用interesting, 如，an interesting film，而讲某人对某事感兴趣时要用过去分词interested，如： I'm interested in this play. 但"他是一个十分有趣的人"。应译为He is an interesting man. 所以interesting是"令人感兴趣"之意，而interested则表示某人对某事物感兴趣，多用"be interested in something"这一句型。

invent 

［误］ America was invented by Christopher Columbus in 1492.

［正］ America was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492.

［析］ invent意为"发明"即从无到有，如： Compass was invented by the Chinese people. 而discover则意为"发现"。

it 

［误］ That takes me ten years to finish this work.

［正］ It takes me ten years to finish this work.

［析］ it在这个句中的语法作用是形式主语，而真正的主语是句子后面的不定式。有的句子要用it作形式主语或形式宾语，如： I think it difficult to learn English well.
J

join 

［误］ Did you attend the football club?

［正］ Did you join the football club?

［析］ join经常用于参加某个团体、政党，并作为其中的一个成员；attend则重点强调出会议、到场，而不一定进行具体活动，如： Did you attend the meeting yesterday?而take part in则强调参与某些具体活动或运动，如： I take part in the football game。

just 

［误］ I have finished my work just now.

［正］ I finished my work just now.

［析］ just now意义"刚才"，所以句中的谓语动词要用过去式。

［误］ Just I won the game.

［正］ I just won the game.

［析］ just单独使用时不应放在句首，而应放于① be动词之后，如： He is just a student.② 名词与一般动词之间。③ 用在第一助动词之后，如： I have just returned home. 但just与其他词组成词组时，如just now, just then, 则可用于句首和句尾。如： Just then he saw the bus coming.

just justly 

just常用于三种含意： ① 恰好，如： It's just five o'clock. ② 仅仅，相当于only, 如： I have just enough money to buy a dictionary. ③ 不久前，如： I just missed my old friend; He left a few minutes ago. 而justly其意为"公正的"，如： He was justly punished for his crimes.