一、根据时间状语与时态的对应关系 动词特定的时态常常与特定的时间状语联系在一起,如由this time yesterday可知用过去进行时;由so far, in the past three years, till now可知要用完成时,等等。
At this time tomorrow ______ over the Atlantic.
A.we’re going to fly B. we’ll be flying C. we’ll fly D. we’re to fly
解析:由时间状语at this time tomorrow可知用将来进行时,故选B。
二、固定句型与动词时态间的对应关系 在英语中,不少句型与一些动词在时态的运用方面都存在着特定的对应关系,
1.在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型中,陈述句中用will表示的一般将来时;
2.在This/如That/It is t he second time that…句型中用现在完成时,若is改为was,就用过去完成时;
3.在no soon er…than…和hardly…when…句型中,前面常用过去完成时,when/than后的句子用一般过去时;
4.was/were about to do…when…或was/were doing…when…或was/were on the point of doing…when…句型中,when分句的谓语动词用一般过时;
5.在一个含有时间状语从句的主从复合句中,如果主从句的谓语动词都是过去发生的动作,一般来说,表示短暂性动作的动词用一般过去时,表示持续性动作的动词用过去进行时;等等。
Let’s keep to the point or we _______ any decisions.
A. will never reach B. have never reached C. never reach D. never reached
解析:这是“祈使句+or +陈述句”句型,陈述句的谓语要用“will+动词原形”,故选A。
三、根据某些动词与时态的对应关系 在英语里有些动词与时态有着特定的对应关系,如see(看见),hear(听见),find(找到) 等都不可用于进行时态;work表示机器不能正常运行、运转时,常用一般现在时的否定式;open, close, lock等词表示门、窗等不能正常关、开、锁的意思时,常用won’t open /close /lock等,这时它们是以主动形式表示被动意义。
—Can I help you, sir? —Yes. I bought this radio here yesterday, but it _____.
A.didn’t work B. won’t work C. can’t work D. doesn’t work 解析:此处的work是指radio不能正常运行,应用一般现在时的否定式,故选D。
四、根据上下语境来确定时态 在绝大多数情况下,动词的时态是由上下文来决定的,这就要求我们一方面要熟记各种时态的适用范围,另一方面要求我们注意上下文的提示。
— Is this raincoat yours? — No, mine ______ there behind the door.
A.is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D. hung
解析:根据上下文的提示,hang表示的是目前的状态,故选A。
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