2004年考研英语翻译真题及答案解析
Part B
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries. 1) TheGreeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.
Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. 2) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal with bizarre data from “exotic” language, were not always so grateful. 3) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.
Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages. 4) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. 5) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism.
答案解析
Part B (10 points)
1. 希腊人认为, 语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。
2. 我们之所有感激他们(两位先驱), 是因为在此之后, 这些(土著) 语言中有一些已经不复存在了, 这是由于说这些语言的部族或是消亡了, 或是被同化而丧失了自己的本族语言。
3. 这些新近被描述的语言与已经得到充分研究的欧洲和东南亚地区的语言往往差别显著, 以至于有些学者甚至指责Boas和Sapir编造了材料。
4. Whorf对语言与思维的关系很感兴趣, 逐渐形成了这样的观点:在一个社会中, 语言的结构决定习惯思维的结构。
5. Whorf进而相信某种类似语言决定论的观点, 其极端说法是:语言禁锢思维, 语言的语法结构能对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。
我该如何制定自己的雅思学习计划?
四大技巧雅思口语拿高分
雅思口语高分的三个技巧
如何避免雅思听力中的三大错误
雅思听力高分的三大答题技巧
雅思听力八大场景的常用词汇整理
雅思阅读分层技巧的五大要点
如何解决雅思议论文字数不足的问题
总结:雅思阅读考试的十个特点
考前一个月突击雅思更有效果
短期复习拿下雅思阅读满分经验
详解:雅思阅读答题的四个步骤
雅思写作经典高分开头段
如何用复合句写出漂亮的雅思作文
实例解析:雅思阅读中的7种常见信号词
雅思阅读最难题型:标题配对题
雅思阅读选择题的四大解题技巧
雅思宝典:阅读高分的六大解题妙招分享
对症下药提高雅思听力反应速度
我的尴尬经历:二战雅思口语折戟沉沙
一战雅思阅读8分备考经验谈
“烤鸭”必读:7大雅思口语满分技巧
如何合理分配雅思阅读的做题时间
雅思口语五大制胜法宝点拨
如何利用外部因素搞定雅思阅读生僻词
“雅思口语”Part 3问题解析和答题策略
盘点雅思口语话题三个部分的展开方法
考生必读:雅思口语考试的3条注意事项
如何使雅思作文的句子多样化
如何攻克雅思写作中经常出现的问题
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |