哪些动词后面只能接动名词,下面的顺口溜有助于记忆。
喜欢、考虑不可免(enjoy, consider, escape, avoid)
停止,放弃太冒险(stop, give up , risk)
反对想象莫推延(mine, imagine, delay, put off)
要求完成是期望(require, finish, look forward to.)
建议继续勤*练(suggest, go on, practise)
不禁原谅要坚持(can’t help, excuse , insist on)
继续注意使成功(keep on, mind, succeed in)
------------------------------
动名词用法详解补充:
A.作句子的主语
句型 V-ing…+V…
例A:Smoking is a bad habit.
(吸烟是坏习惯。)
例B:taking exercise every morning helps make one healthy.
(每天早晨做运动有助于人的健康。)
例C:It isn't easy trying to please her.
(想办法讨好她是不容易的。)
解说 动名词作主语用时是属于第三人称单数,因此要取单数形式动词。例C是表示动名词也可用“It…”的句式来表达。
B.作主语补语
句型 S+be+V-ing…
例A:My favorite sport is swimming.
(我最喜爱的运动是游泳。)
例B:Her only desire is studying music.
(她的唯一的愿望就是学音乐。)
C.作直按宾语
句型 S+Vt. +V-ing
例A:I enjoy watching TV news after supper.
(晚饭后我喜爱看电视资讯。)
例B:You'd better stop smoking.
(你最好把烟戒掉了。)
例C:It began raining heavily when we got there.
(我们到达那里时,开始下起大雨来了。)
例D:I remember seeing her somewhere before.
(我记得以前在什么地方见过她。)
例E:Do you mind mailing this letter for me ?
(替我寄这封信你介意吗?)
解说 英语的Vt. 取直接宾语时,有的习惯上要取不定式,有的则要取动名词,有的则取不定式或动名词皆可,表达的意思大致相同,但是也有些表达的意思不相同,现分别介绍如下:
①Vt. +V-ing …(习惯上取动名词为直接宾语)(如例A、B)
admit(承认),advise(劝告),avoid(避免),consider(考虑),
escape(脱逃),finish(做完),keep (on) (持续),practice(练习),quit(停止),resist(抵抗),risk(冒险),stand(忍受——否定句),stop(停止),understand(了解),etc .
注:请注意下面两句表达上的差别:
例:He stopped smoking. (他停止吸烟了。)
例:He stopped to smoke. (他抽起烟来了。)
第二句是“He stopped doing something and began to smoke. ”的意思。
②Vt. +V-ing…/to V…(动名词或不定式皆可,表达的意思大致相同。)(如例C)
begin(开始),cease(停止),continue(继续),fear(恐惧),start(开始),etc.
③Vt. +V-ing…/to V…(可取动名词,也可取不定式,但表达的意思不相同或用法不相同。)(如例D)
dislike(不喜欢),forget(忘却),hate(讨厌;恨),like(喜欢),love(爱;喜欢),need(需要),remember(记得),try(尝试),want(需要),etc.
注:本项所说的表达意义不同或用法不同,请参考词典,这里仅以“remember,”和“want”为例提供参考例句如下:
I remember seeing her somewhere before.
(我记得以前在什么地方见过她。)
I remember to see her tomorrow.
(我会记得明天去看她。)
由上例可知“remember +V-ing…”是指“对过去所做过的事记得”的意思,而“remember +to V…”是指“对将来的某一件事会记得去做”的意思。
Do you want to paint to door?
(你要油漆门吗?—“want”的意思是“要,欲”)
The door wants painting.
(这一道门需要油漆了。—“want”的意思是“需要”,即“need”,而“painting”所表达的意思是“to be painted”。)
例E的“mind +V-ing…?”通常是指说话者要请对方“来做……”的意思,若是说话者自己要做而在征求对方的同意时则使用“mind +my +V-ing…”的句式。
例:Do you mind opening the windows?
(请你把窗打开,你介意吗?)
Certainly not. (当然不介意。)
例:Do you mind me [my] smoking ?
(你会介意我吸烟吗?)
No, please do. (不会的,请便。)
“mind +V-ing”也可用于表达否定。
例:I don't mind being found going out with him.
(我不在乎被人看到和他一同出去。)
D.作介词的宾语
句型prep. +V-ing…
例A:He drove away without saying good-by.
(他没说再见就开了车走了。)
例B:It is not easy to make a living by writing .
(靠写作谋生是不容易的。)
例C:It is polite to knock before entering a room.
=It is…before one enters a room.
(进入房间之前敲门是一种礼貌。)
解说 如例C,因“before”也可作连词用,所以动名词部分可改以从句来表达。其他如“after, since”也可以仿照例C来表达。
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