新概念英语教材详解：第一册 Lesson39-40

课文详注 Further notes on the text

1. Don't do that.不要放在那儿。

在英文中需用祈使语气来表示直接的命令、建议等多种意图。而祈使句的否定式则由Don't(或Do not)+动词原形构成，又如课文中的Don't drop it!(别摔了!)等句子。(请参见本课语法部分。)

2.Give it to me.把它给我。

在第21课有give me a book这样的句型，在本课中又出现了give it to me的句型。

在动词give后面可以有两个宾语：即直接宾语(指物，如a book, it)和间接宾语(指人，如me)。如果直接宾语置于动词give之后，间接宾语之前则带to。再比较一下下列句式：

Show her the magazine. 给她那本杂志。

Show it to her. 把它给她。

Give me that knife. 给我那把小刀。

Give it to me. 把它给我。

3.in front of，在……前面。

有别于in the front of，在……的前部。

4.There we are!就放在那里!

在这里表示说话人的满意心情，可理解为“好了”、“行了”等。

祈使句的否定缩略式

形式为Don't(或Do not)+动词原形，如：

Don't wait! 别等了!

Don't speak to me like that! 别那样跟我讲话!

使用祈使句时，重音、语调、手势和面部表情，尤其是情境和上下文，都说明这种形式用于表示是否友好、不客气、愤怒、不耐烦、有说服性等。一般而言，祈使句的否定式通常用Don't来表示，完整形式Do not主要用于正式文告中。

1.drop v.

(1)(失手)落下;掉下;放下：

Be careful! Don't drop it. 小心!别摔了。

She dropped her knife and fork and hurried to answer the phone. 她放下刀叉赶紧去接电话。

(2)(使)滴下;滴水：

Tears dropped from her face. 泪珠从她的脸上滑落。

(3)(使)下降;降低：

He dropped his voice. 他把声音放低了些。

Yesterday the temperature dropped to 8℃ below zero. 昨天气温下降到了摄氏零下8度。

2.send v.

(1)送给;寄：

She is going to send a letter to her sister. 她准备给她的姐姐寄封信。

I'll send him a present. 我将给他送去一件礼物。

(2)差遣;命(或请)……去：

He sent his secretary for a doctor. 他派他的秘书去请医生了。

Her mother often sends her to the store for some groceries. 她母亲经常差遣她去商店买些杂货。

Lesson 40

A

1 Send that letter to George.

2 Take those flowers to her.

3 Show that picture to me.

4 Give these books to Mrs. Jones.

5 Give these ice creams to the children.

B

1 I'm going to put it on.

2 I'm going to take them off.

3 I'm going to turn them on.

4 I'm going to turn it off.

5 I'm going to put it on.

6 I'm going to take it off.

7 I'm going to turn them on.

8 I'm going to turn it off.

9 I'm going to turn them off.

10 I'm going to turn it on.