小编导语:关于小升初英语复习重点第二部分语法知识是小编为你准备的关于小升初英语复习重点第二部分语法知识。小升初英语复习重点第二部分语法知识。
第二部分:语法知识
一.名词:名词单复数,名词的格
(一)名词单复数
1.一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以f或fe结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不规则名词复数:
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
不可数名词的复数就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea
(二)名词的格
(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格:
a) 单数后加 s 如: Lucys ruler my fathers shirt
b) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 如: his friends bags
c) 不以s 结尾的复数后加 s childrens shoes
l 并列名词中,如果把 s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有, 如:
Tom and Mikes car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车
l 要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加s
Toms and Mikes cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车
(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用 of +名词来表示所有关系:如:
a picture of the classroom a map of China
二.冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类:
(1)不定冠词:a / an a unit / an uncle
元音开头的可数名词前用an :
an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /
(2)定冠词:the the egg the plane
2. 用法:
定冠词的用法:
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.
(2)复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.
(3)谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys arent at school.
(4)在序数词前: Johns birthday is February the second.
(5)用于固定词组中: in the morning / afternoon / evening
不用冠词的情况:
(1)专有名词前:China is a big country.
(2)名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:
This is my baseball.
(3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys cant swim. They are teachers.
(4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. Its Sunday.
(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.
(6)球类 棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.
* 但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well.
(7)学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.
(8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.
(9)固定词组中:at noon at night by bus
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