万圣节是西方传统节日。万圣节前夜,当夜幕降临,孩子们穿上五颜六色的化妆服,戴上千奇百怪的面具。有的披上漆黑长衫,骑着“魔帚”,扮作女巫;有的裹上白床单装鬼;有的戴上画有骷髅旗的帽子扮成海盗…… Next to Christmas, Halloween is the most commercialized celebration in the United States and Canada. This ancient festival originated far from North America however, and centuries before the first European set foot on the continent.
The ancient Druids 督伊德教(古代高卢人与不列颠人的一种宗教)的教徒 who inhabited what we now call Great Britain placed great importance on the passing of one season to the next, holding "Fire Festivals" which were celebrated for three days (two days on either side of the day itself).
One of these festivals was called Samhain (pronounced Sha-Von) and it took place on October 31 through to November 1. During this period, it was believed that the boundaries between our world and the world of the dead were weakened, allowing spirits of the recently dead to cross over and possess the living.
In order to make themselves and their homes less inviting to these wayward spirits, the ancient Celts(凯尔特人)would douse (插入水中, 把弄熄, 弄湿)all their fires. There was also a secondary purpose to this, after extinguishing all their fires, they would re-light them from a common source, the Druidic fire that was kept burning at Usinach, in the Middle of Ireland.
Samhain was considered to be a gateway not only from the land of the dead to the land of the living, but also between Summer and Fall/Winter. For the Druids, this was the last gasp (喘息, 气喘)of summer (it was also the Celtic New Year), so therefore they made sure it went out with a bang before they had to button down (把...弄清楚)for the winter ahead.
They would dress up in bizarre costumes and parade through their villages causing destruction in order to scare off any recently departed souls who might be prowling (巡游)for bodies to inhabit, in addition to burning animals and other offerings to the Druidic deities(神, 神性). It is also a popular belief that they would burn people who they believed to be possessed, but this has largely been debunked (揭穿, 拆穿假面具, 暴露)as myth.
This yearly festival was adopted by the Roman invaders, who helped to propagate (传播, 宣传)it throughout the rest of the world (and at that time, the Roman Empire was the world). The word "Halloween" itself actually comes from a contraction of All Hallows Eve, or All Saint\'s Day (November 1), which is a Catholic day of observance in honor of saints.
This tradition was later brought to the North American continent by Irish immigrants who were escaping the Potato Famine in their homeland. In addition to the festival itself, the immigrants brought several customs with them, including one of the symbols most commonly associated with Halloween -- the Jack \'O Lantern.
According to Irish folklore, there once lived a man named Jack who was known for being a drunk and a prankster(顽皮的人, 爱开玩笑的人). One night Jack tricked the devil into climbing a tree, and quickly carved an image of a cross on the trunk, trapping the devil. Jack then made him promise that, in exchange for letting him out of the tree, the Devil would never tempt him to sin again. He reluctantly agreed, but was able to exact his revenge upon Jack\'s death. Because of his mischievous ways in life, Jack was barred from entering heaven and because of his earlier trick, he was also barred from hell. So he was doomed to wander the earth until the end of time, with only a single ember(灰烬, 余烬) (carried in a hollowed out turnip.[植]芜箐, 芜箐甘蓝) to warm him and light his way.
In Ireland, they originally also used turnips for their "Jack Lanterns", but upon arriving in the new world, they discovered that pumpkins were abundant and easier to carve out.
-
国际英语资讯:Tens of thousands of people rally against Abes constitution amending efforts in Japan
在尼日尔被杀美军士兵军装被剥血迹斑斑
体坛英语资讯:Vandeweghe, Sevastova and Barty reach semis at WTA Elite Trophy
国际英语资讯:One killed, three injured in bus shooting in Los Angeles
国内英语资讯:China to improve water conservation
国际英语资讯:Typhoon kills 20, leaves 17 missing in Vietnam
体坛英语资讯:Germany coach Loew appoint Goetze and Guendogan
科学家发现甜食与癌症有关!
“番茄炒蛋”戳中留学党的心!漂泊在外想家了是怎样一种体验?
爱ta在心口难开?修辞三要素成求爱神助攻
美国女议员称受到性骚扰,但不愿说出骚扰者
国内英语资讯:China, U.S. presidents to map out future relations
女王的昵称是卷心菜?说说名人们的有趣昵称
国内英语资讯:Xi instructs army to improve its combat readiness
国内英语资讯:Chinas new supervisory commissions to incorporate administrative, judicial anti-graft agen
体坛英语资讯:Lebanese Homenetmen claims Arab Clubs Basketball Championship
国际英语资讯:Macron, Putin discuss situation in Syria over phone: Elysee
国际英语资讯:Spotlight: Bangladeshi experts eye greater role for APEC in combating climate change, food s
体坛英语资讯:Ugandas Olympic star gears up for 2017 Fukuoka Marathon
国内英语资讯:Chinas highway, high-speed railway bridges reach new high
国内英语资讯:China Focus: Canton Fair concludes with more buyers, deals
国内英语资讯:China calls for stronger cooperation with U.S. in next-generation nuclear power technology
国内英语资讯:Chinese premier to attend East Asia summit, visit Philippines
国内英语资讯:Chinas top legislature closes bi-monthly session
英语美文:节俭,是一种了不起的能力
体坛英语资讯:Frankfurt edge Bremen 2-1 in German Bundesliga
国内英语资讯:Temperature inversion, warmth blamed for upcoming air pollution in Beijing
国内英语资讯:CMC issues guideline to affirm loyalty to CPC, Xi
国内英语资讯:China revises law to protect fair competition
美国考虑重新把朝鲜列入支持恐怖主义国家名单
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |