1) 表示大约数目
大约数目指的是围绕特定数目、以及比特定数目或多或少的数目。汉语在数词前加约、约计、大约、大概等词,或在数词后加左右、上下等词表示。英语在数词前加 about, around,some,approximately,roughly,more or less,in the neighbourhood of等词或词组,或在数词后加or so,or thereabout,in the rough等词组表示,例如:
a) about/around five oclock大约五点钟/五点钟左右
b) about/around/some/approximately/roughly/more or less/in the neighbourhood of twenty people 大约二十人/二十人左右
2) 表示少于的数目
表示比特定数目少或小的数目,汉语在数词前加少于、小于、低于、不到、不及、不足等词,或在数词后加以下、以内、以里等词表示。英语在数词前加fewer than, less than,under,below,within等词或词组表示,例如:
a) fewer than/less than/under/below/within one thousand yuan少于一千元/不到一千元/一千元以下
b) below zero degrees Celsius 摄氏零度以下
3) 表示差不多的数目
差不多,是一种特殊的表示少于的数目的方法,接近特定数目或仅差一点。汉语在数词前加近、将近、接近、几乎、差不多、差一点、差一点不到等词表示。英语在数词前加nearly,almost,toward,close on等词或词组表示, 例如:
a) nearly/almost/toward fifty years old将近五十岁/差一点五十岁
b) nearly/almost/close on one hundred yuan将近一百元/差不多一百元
4) 表示多于的数目
表示比特定数目多或大的数目,汉语在数词前加多于、大于、 高于、 超过等词,或在数词后加多、来、几、余、以上等词表示。英语在数词前加more than ,over,above,upwards of等词或词组表示,或用在数词后加and more,odd,and odd等词或词组表示,例如:
a) more than/over/above/upwards of a hundred yuan one hundred yuan and more/odd/and odd一百多元/一百来元
b) above thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit华氏32度以上
5) 表示介于的数目
表示介于两个特定数目之间的数目,汉语用到、至等词连接两个数词,或用介于之间表示。英语用fromto;(anywhere)betweenand表示,例如:
a) from five to six days; between five and six days五至六天
b) from eight hundred to nine hundred kilometres anywhere between eight hundred and nine hundred kilometres(介于) 八百到九百公里 (之间)
6) 表示相邻的数目
连用两个相邻的数字,表示一个不确定数目。英语用or连接两个相邻数字来表示。注意三三两两是特殊的相邻的数目。表示两个或两个以上等,英语在数词后加or more表示, 例如:
a) two or three两三个
b) sixty or seventy六七十
c) three thousand or four thousand三四千
d) by twos and threes 三三两两
e) two or more两个或两个以上
7) 表示数十等数目
表示数十、数百、数千等不确定数目,英语在ten/dozen/score/hundred/thousand/million/billion等数词的复数形式后加of 构成,例如:
a) tens of(2099);dozens of(24 scores of(40-99) 数十/几十/好几十
b) hundreds of (200999);several hundred 数百/数以百计/几百/好几百/成百
c) thousands of (2,0009,999);several thousand 数千/数以千计/几千/好几千/成千
d) tens of thousands of (20,00099,999) 数万/数以万计/几万/好几万
e) hundreds of thousands of (200,000999,999) 数十万/几十万/好几十万
f) millions of (2,000,0009,999,999) 数百万/几百万/好几百万
g) tens of millions of (20,000,000-99,999,999) 数千万/几千万/好几千万
h) hundreds of millions of (200,000,000-999,999,999) 数亿/几亿/好几亿
i) 数十亿/几十亿/好几十亿 billions of(2,000,000,0009,999,999,999)
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