One of the most important social developments that helped to make possible a shift in thinking about the role of public education was the effect of the baby boom of the 1950s and 1960s on the schools. In the 1920s, but especially in the Depression conditions of the 1930s, the United States experienced a declining birth rate --- every thousand women aged fifteen to forty-four gave birth to about 118 live children in 1920, 89.2 in 1930, 75.8 in 1936, and 80 in 1940. With the growing prosperity brought on by the Second World War and the economic boom that followed it young people married and established households earlier and began to raise larger families than had their predecessors during the Depression. Birth rates rose to 102 per thousand in 1946,106.2 in 1950, and 118 in 1955. Although economics was probably the most important determinant, it is not the only explanation for the baby boom. The increased value placed on the idea of the family also helps to explain this rise in birth rates. The baby boomers began streaming into the first grade by the mid 1940s and became a flood by 1950. The public school system suddenly found itself overtaxed. While the number of schoolchildren rose because of wartime and postwar conditions, these same conditions made the schools even less prepared to cope with the
food. The wartime economy meant that few new schools were built between 1940 and 1945. Moreover, during the war and in the boom times that followed, large numbers of teachers left their profession for better- paying jobs elsewhere in the economy.
Therefore in the 1950s and 1960s, the baby boom hit an antiquated and inadequate school system. Consequently, the custodial rhetoric of the 1930s and early 1940s no longer made sense that is, keeping youths aged sixteen and older out of the labor market by keeping them in school could no longer be a high priority for an institution unable to find space and staff to teach younger children aged five to sixteen. With the baby boom, the focus of educators and of laymen interested in education inevitably turned toward the lower grades and back to basic academic skills and discipline. The system no longer had much interest in offering nontraditional, new, and extra services to older youths.
体坛英语资讯:Hiddink takes over at Chelsea
说说学习英语的“捷径”
体坛英语资讯:Safina to face Williams in Australian Open final
体坛英语资讯:Spain defeats England 2-0 in friendly international
揭密英语阅读策略
10位英语语言大师的英语学习建议
如何提高英语阅读能力
体坛英语资讯:Ronaldinho back to Brazilian squad for Italy friendly
英语阅读题海战术不可取-考研英语
体坛英语资讯:Real Madrid withdraw UEFA appeal over Diarra, Huntelaar
过四六级很简单,考研英语也不难,只是你的方法错了
体坛英语资讯:Sevilla striker Chevanton ruled out for the season
英语好是一种怎样的体验?
超强技术贴:看美剧学英语的方法
体坛英语资讯:Safin, Federer to clash, Nalbandian crashes out of Australian Open
体坛英语资讯:Murray crashes out, Nadal moves on at Australian Open
体坛英语资讯:Flamengo soccer player threatens to leave due to lack of payment
如何科学提高你的阅读速度?
体坛英语资讯:Friendly between Brazil and Italy in jeopardy due to political refugee
英语阅读能力提高问答
体坛英语资讯:Phelps apologizes to Chinese fans, appreciates their support
如何选择适合自己阅读的英文报纸
如何在三个月内学会一门外语?
体坛英语资讯:Brazil beats Italy 2-0 during friendly soccer match
体坛英语资讯:AFC chief threatens to step down
记住这20条,英语写作上一档!
向更高英语水平迈进之阅读篇
体坛英语资讯:Away games for Real Madrid and Barcelona in match day 23
体坛英语资讯:Federer masters Roddick to make Australian Open final
体坛英语资讯:Nadal, Murray through to Rotterdam semifinals
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |