善篡 上面提到的名人名言,其实我们也不必老老实实地一板一眼地照抄,有的时候我们可以略施小计,大胆地拿过来洋为中用,他为我用,以适用于不同内容的写作。方法是:不改变句子的主干,而只变动其中的名词等松动部分。比方说,大文豪培根又曾有云: Whosoever is delighted in solitude is either a wild beast or a god. 喜欢孤独的人不是野兽就是神明。 画横线的部分,就属于所讲的松动的部分。我们可以据此充分发挥,比方说,喜欢吸烟、酗酒或吸毒的人,不是野兽就是神明,则可将solitude一词换作tobacco,alcohol或addiction。再者,培根又说: Books are the ships which pass through the vast sea of time. 书籍是驶过时间大海的船只。 此处书籍便是松动的部分,视情况可以换作Friendship,Love等词,尤其换作Friendship最为精妙,因为该词中含有ship,读起来更加韵味有余友谊之船,便是驶过时间大海的船只。但要注意,人称变单数,换过来之后谓语也要相应变单数,包括定语从句。类似的,能将主语换作友谊和爱心的还有谚语: Time and I against any two. 时间和我携起手来抵两人。 接下来,我们来回顾一下最前面提过的名言。既然能将读书和饮食联系起来,同样,我们亦可将育人和饮水联系起来: Schools are a fountain of knowledge. Some students come to drink, some to sip, and others just to gargle. 学校是知识的喷泉,有些学生来饮水,有些来湿下嘴,其他的只是来漱口。 最后,再教大家一招特技:藏而不漏。当引用的名言并不为广大大众所熟知的时候,我们可以巧妙地拿过来即,除去所有的引号和提出者,将名言本身赤裸裸地现在文中。例如: All human wisdom is summed up in two wordswait and hope. 人类所有的智慧可以归结为两个词等待和希望。 这是法国作家大仲马的名言,但若对作者避而不谈,则比较容易被认为是笔者自己所言,以此加深文章本身的底蕴。
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