12月英语四级备考：议论文常考类型

　　1. 比较型议论文

　　对同一事物的正反两面进行比较分析，即分析事物的好与坏，利与弊，然后归纳自己的观点。

　　要领：抓住事物突出的优缺点。

　　写作常用套语

　　开头：

　　There is no doubt thathas both advantages and disadvantages/merits and drawbacks

　　Obviously, it has both advantages and disadvantages/merits and drawbacks/positive effects and negative effects.

　　With the rapid development of is /are playing an increasingly important part in today.

　　论证或承接

　　In spite of /Despite the adverse effects, it has its beneficial effects.

　　The advantages derived from are much greater than the disadvantages.

　　Generally speaking, the advantages can be listed as follows:

　　Whats more,

　　Besides/Moreover/Furthermore,

　　结尾

　　After weighing/considering the advantages and disadvantages/merits and drawbacks/positive effects and negative effects, I conclude that

　　Based on the analysis above, I believe that the far outweigh the .

　　2.对比型议论文

　　通过对比法，对不同事物进行比较，客观分析， 从而得出结论。

　　对比法是指对不同事物的性质特点等的比较来证明论点的方法。

　　要领：抓住两事物的鲜明特征进行比较。

　　写作常用套语

　　开头：

　　When wewell be faced with the choice betweenand

　　When, it is inevitable to meet /face the choices betweenand

　　Recently, more and more people tend to However, I feel that.

　　A and B are two important forms offor us. Although A is getting more and more popular, B is by no means disappearing.

　　论证或承接

　　Despite the similarities, they are different from each other in the following aspects:

　　First of all,Second,Third,And finally/lastly,

　　On the contrary/in contrast

　　However/nonetheless/besides

　　结尾

　　All in all/In conclusion/In a word/To sum up/In summary/To put it simply..

　　Although B has its disadvantages, it can be accepted that

　　Therefore it depends on

　　3.辩论型议论文

　　列出双方对某一事物的不同看法，运用事实加以论证，摆出自己的理由，得出结论。

　　要领：举例要有说服力，说理要充分。

　　写作常用套语

　　开头：

　　Peoples opinion/views/ on vary from person to person. Some say that ,while others think/believe that

　　When it comes to , different people have different opinions.

　　The phenomenon of has drawn nationwide attention.

　　论证或承接

　　Some people argue/assume that,but things are quite different/this doesnt work.

　　Some take the position that ; some come to believe that.But I think/suppose

　　Some people take for granted that, but others take/hold an opposite idea..As far as Im concerned, I agree with the former/latter opinion.

　　Im on the side of the first argument. The following are the reasons for my personal consent.

　　Im in favor of the first idea.

　　结尾

　　All things considered, I remain firmly in favor of

　　On the whole, I agree with the statement that

　　4.阐述说明型

　　特点: 一般要求作者一开始就阐明观点或提出问题 ，接着摆出事实和理由加以论述，然后得出结论。内容可以是论人，论事，或论物。

　　论据可以是事实，科学数据，学者专家的权威观点及公认原则。

　　写作常用套语

　　开头：

　　No one can deny that

　　It is often said that

　　As everyone knows,.

　　Recently, /In recent years, there has been in increasing concern about the problem of

　　It is well known that has created certain problems for the society today.

　　The problem ofis becoming more and more serious.

　　论证或承接

　　To illustrate /prove this point, let us consider

　　It has been reported /found/estimated that

　　To take as an example,

　　There are many examples to show that

　　A number of factors will account for

　　结尾

　　The best way to solve the problem is ...

　　In addition to /apart from this, another way to solve the problem of is

　　Effective measures should be taken to solve the problem.

　　Many things can contribute to solving the problem, but the following ones may be the most effective.

　　Our government should make stricter rules to

　　It is essential that quick necessary actions /steps /measures should be taken to deal with the phenomenon/ to cope with the problem.

　　It is high time we took proper steps actions to the terrible situation.

　　5.因果分析型议论文

　　特点：描述某种原因或现象以揭示其必然后果，或披露结果以追溯其各种原因。

　　写作常用套语

　　There are several reasons for

　　There are many factors that account for /contribute to /responsible for ,but the following are the typical ones.

　　There are a number of serious effects onPerhaps the most potential consequence is

　　Taking into account all the relevant factors, /Judging from all the evidence offered, we may come to the conclusion that...

　　Therefore, it can be inferred that

　　Accordingly, I recommend that