一般来说,人们写作时只是出于文体或上下文一致的原因,才使用被动语态。及物动词既可能是主动的,又可能是被动的。如果是主语发出的动作,谓语应用主语语态;反之,如果主语是动作施加的对象,谓语则应用被动语态。但事实上,人们更偏爱主动语态,因为它显得突出而直截了当。若谓语采用较弱的被动语态,行为者往往被隐去大名,或显得好像并不重要。然而,当不知道行为者是谁,或者作者想把重点放到动作承受方而不是动作方时,动作本身比采取动作的人更重要,这时就有必要用被动语态了。
Weak Passive: He ll need to be looked after.
Strong Active: He ll need looking after.
Weak Passive: You re going to be covered favorably by the press.
Strong Active: You re going to get fabulous press.
Weak Passive: Do you remember when Nelson Mandela of South Africa was freed?
Strong Active: Do you remember when Nelson Mandela of South Africa walked free?
Weak Passive: Rumors of a broader deal between DailmerChrysler and Nissan Motor Co. have been spread far and wide.
Strong Active: Rumors of a broader deal between DailmerChrysler and Nissan Motor Co. have gained currency.
Weak Passive: His language was too bad to be repeated.
Strong Active: His language wouldn t bear repeating.
Weak Passive: My shoes need to be mended.
Strong Active: My shoes want mending.
Weak Passive: Honey was gathered by the bee as it flitted from flower to flower.
Strong Active: The bee, flitting from flower to flower, gathered honey.
Weak Passive: What awaits him when a door is opened by him is known by no man. Surprises may be harbored in even the most familiar room.
Strong Active: No man knows what awaits him when he opens a door; Even the most familiar room may harbor surprises.
Weak Passive: The great challenge of this Conference is to give voice to women everywhere whose experiences are not noticed and whose words are not heard by the rest of the world.
Strong Active: The great challenge of this Conference is to give voice to women everywhere whose experiences go unnoticed and whose words go unheard.
Weak Passive: This project has been benefited from many outstanding contributors who have worked with exceptional care and devotion.
Strong Active: This project has the benefit of many outstanding contributors who have worked with exceptional care and devotion.
特殊情况: 如果动作的承受方比动作的实施者更为重要,则采用被动语态则更为有力。
Good Passive: All the buildings were destroyed during the bombing
Good Passive:I resent being spoken to so rudely.
Good Passive:Any person who attempts to escape will be shot.
Good Passive:Apples are grown in Michigan, so are blueberries.
Good Passive:Much has been written and much has been said, but nothing has been done.
Good Passive:Scott Fitzgerald had written that his contemporaries grew up to find all Gods dead, all wars fought, all faiths in man shaken.
初学者如何准备雅思听力考试?
雅思听力考试需要遵循的原则与运用技巧
如何提高雅思听力的基本能力
雅思听力考试的五个衔接技巧
雅思听力评分标准的四大特点
13条实用的雅思听力答题规律
浅谈雅思听力中的衔接手段
帮助雅思听力审题的两类关键词
雅思听力高分的4个解题步骤
雅思听力Section 1的常见场景总结
雅思听力旅游场景的出题思路和考点归纳
雅思听力提高推荐观看生活类肥皂剧
雅思听力备考练习方法介绍
雅思听力记笔记时要同时做到的两件事
雅思听力中的三种信号词分析
雅思听力的三类场景分析
雅思听力考试时如何调整紧张心情
雅思听力考前一周要加强“边听边记”训练
分享雅思听力租房场景的备考指南
雅思听力关键词后置问题分析
雅思听力:影子练习法助你拉长瞬间记忆
雅思听力动物场景中的冷门知识点
雅思听力Section4的应试技巧及常见话题介绍
雅思听力观点题的答题方法
雅思听力图形标签题的三种分类
雅思听力选择题的审题方法指导
雅思听力小词分析:but
雅思听力高分奥秘:从声音到全篇
雅思听力中的高频地名总结
拿下雅思听力考试高分的6个策略
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