(1)指读,即为了集中注意力,用手指或笔尖指着文章细细的逐词阅读。一遇到生词,便停顿下来,无法在通篇理解的基础上继续进行阅读。也影响整句或整段的意思的理解。
(2)唇读,即有的学生在阅读中寺喜欢读出声来,或即使不出声,嘴唇了蠕动,或脑子里也在想着读音,无形当中影响了大脑的思维速度。
(3)回读,也叫即时重读即在阅读中遇到生词或不熟悉的短语时,返回句首甚至段首重读;还有相当多的学生对阅读忆经产生心理定势,即认为自已第一遍肯定读不懂,因此反复多遍,浪费很多时间。
(4)译读,即在阅读过程中,不断地进行膛词逐句的翻译,通过译成母语来辅助理解。由于没有掌握正确的阅读方法,习惯于在不加限定的时间内,对一小块文章精雕细琢,导致了逐词阅读接受信息的习惯。
(5)心读,不管是出声阅读,还是心读都会大大降低阅读速度。
(6)出声阅读,出声阅读的主要弊病是使阅读速度受到说话速度的约束。实验证明,正常读者的默读速度几乎要比他们的说话速度快两倍。
(7)头、身体等不要随着阅读而摆动。
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