考研英语常用英语词汇计算机类

　　计算机Computer

　　172.abort ：异常中止

　　To cancel or end a program or procedure while it is in progress.

　　取消或终止正在运行的程序或过程

　　We decided to abort the program.

　　我们决定中止这项程序。

　　173.access ：访问，存取

　　The locating and/or obtaining of desired data.

　　查找和/或获取所需数据

　　Only authorized personnel can access these computer files.

　　只有经过授权的人才可以访问这些计算机文件。

　　174.artificial intelligence ：人工智能

　 　The branch of computer science that deals with using computers to simulate human thinking and to perform functions normally associated with human intelligence.

　　计算机科学的一个分支，研究如何使用电脑模仿人的思维，并执行一些通常与人类智能有关的功能。

　 　Artificial intelligence has been the focus of much hype since the early 1980s and is widely expected to be achieved in the 21st century.

　　自从80年代初以来，人工智能一直被大量宣传。人们普遍认为在21世纪人工智能将获得成功。

　　175.backup copy ：备份

　　A copy of a current file made in order to protect against loss or damage.

　　为防止当前文件的丢失或损坏而另存储的一份。

　　Did you make a backup copy of that file?

　　那份文件你有备份吧?

　　176.batch ：批

　　A group of records or transactions that can be processed together.

　　可以一块处理的一组记录或事务。

　　Ive gotta finish this batch by tomorrow.

　　明天之前我必须做完这批处理。

　　177.boot ：启动

　　To start up a computer, making it ready to operate.

　　打开电脑使之可以运行。

　　Just a minute, Im waiting for my computer to boot up.

　　等会儿，我正等我的电脑启动起来。

　　178.bug ：错误，故障

　　A mistake or malfunction that can occur in a computer program.

　　电脑程序可能出现的错误或故障。

　　For some reason, weve been experiencing some bugs in this particular program.

　　不知什么原因，这个特定程序总有错误。

　　179.canned software ：软件包

　　Programs prepared by computer manufacturers that are in ready to use form and can used by many business and individuals.

　　由电脑生产商准备好的可供公司或个人即买即用的程序。

　　WordPefect 6.0 is one of the newest items of canned software on the market.

　　WordPefect6.0是市场上销售的软件包中最新的一款软件。

　　180.character ：字符

　　Any symbol, digit, letter, etc. that is stored or processed by a computer.

　　由电脑存储、处理的任何符号、数字、字母等。

　　An optical scanner can actually read characters and transfer them to the monitor screen of a computer.

　　光学扫描仪能读出字符，并将其转换到电脑显示屏上。

　　181.clones ：克隆，仿制品

　　A term used to describe a product that is a copy of another one, such as a computer clone.

　　指以其他产品为范本复制出来的产品。

　　In the new global economy, there are dozens of computer clones on the market.

　　在经济全球化的今天，市场上有几十种电脑仿制品。

　　182.coding ：编码

　　The writing of a list of computer instructions causing it to perform specific functions and operations.

　　编写一系列计算机的指令，使之执行特定功能和操作。

　　We are currently recoding all the computers in our office.

　　我们现在正为办公室的所有计算机重新编码。

　　183.computerese ：计算机行话

　　Slang for computer jargon.

　　计算机专业术语的俚称。

　　Are you fluent in computerese?

　　你对计算机行话熟悉吗?

　　184.computernik ：计算机专家，计算机迷

　　Slang for a person who spends a lot of time using computers.

　　俚语，指长时间使用电脑的人。

　　John hangs around with all the computernik.

　　约翰同许多计算机机专家有来往。

　　185.crash ： 崩溃

　　A system shutdown caused by a hardware or software malfunction.

　　由硬件、软件故障导致系统的关闭。

　　Our system just crashed.

　　我们的系统刚才崩溃了。

　　186.data leakage ： 数据丢失

　　The illegal removal of data from a computer.

　　非法移动电脑中的数据。

　　Weve had no data leakage problems since weve installed our new security program.

　　自从安装新的保密程序后，我们的电脑没有出现数据丢失的问题。

　　187.dot matrix ： 点阵

　　Forming letters or characters from dots, as opposed to type.

　　通过输出点来形成字母或字符，这和打字相反。

　　Dot matrix printers are being phased out and replaced by printers that can produce clean type.

　　点阵式打印机正被淘汰，并为高清晰度打印机所取代。

　　188.downtime ： 故障停机时间

　　The length of time a computer is down because of a malfunction.

　　由于故障而使电脑停机的时间。

　　Sorry, youll have to come back later the computers are down.

　　抱歉，你待等会儿再来，我们的电脑出故障了。

　　How much downtime did we log last month?

　　我们上个月的故障停机时间有多长?

　　189.info highway ： 信息高速公路

　 　The flow of TV and cable channels that will allow individuals to access a revolutionary variety of entertainment, news, communications, home-shopping, etc.

　　电视和电讯通道的信息传输，这些信息通道让个人获得大量的娱乐、资讯、通讯服务和在家购物等，其种类令人目不暇接。

　　Time Magazine featured a cover devoted to the new info highway in early 1993.

　　1993年初，《时代周刊》刊载了一篇封面文章，专门介绍信息高速公路。

　　190.infomaion overload ： 信息充塞

　　A condition characterized by an excess of messages demanding attention, which leads to confusion and a loss of efficiency.

　　需要关注的信息内容过多的状况，这种状况导致混乱和效率的降低。

　　Most of us are suffering from information overload in the 1990s.

　　在90年代我们大多数人都受害于信息充塞。