英语专业四级考试近义词辨析（1）

　　在学习专业英语词汇中，有时同义词的辨析是很不容易的，我们一般从三方面进行区分，即：语法、语义和文体。语法主要是词性、搭配、句式等的区分;语义主要是词义的本义、引申义、比喻义和内涵和外延等的区分;文体主要是正式和非正式、褒义和贬义等的区分。

　　1.路

　　way: Wherever there is room for an object to proceed, there is a way.

　　road: A road is a prepared way for traveling with horses or vehicles.

　　path: A way suitable to be traveled only by foot passengers or by animals.

　　route: A route is a line of travel, and may be over many roads.

　　street: A street is in some centre of habitation, as a city town or village, when it passes between houses of dwellings.

　　avenue: A avenue is a long, broad and imposing(庄严) or principal street.

　　2.时代(期) (时期)

　　period: It indicates any passage of time, great or small. /an extent of time of any length. (时代)

　　time(s): It refers to a period in history. in ancient times/ in Victoria time (新时代)

　　epoch: It indicates a long period of time marked by events or development of a particular kind.

　　The first flight into space marked a new epoch in the history of mankind. (纪元)

　　era: It refers to a very long period of time marked by a particular feature in a great new era of world revolution (时期)

　　age: It shows a particular /a fairly definite period in history. the Bronze Age, Iron Age

　　3.战斗 (打仗)

　　fight: It is a bodily struggle (奋斗 斗争)

　　struggle: An effort of any kind to overcome difficulty. (战斗)

　　battle: A fight between armed forces. (战役)

　　campaign: A series of related military operations in a war. (战争)

　　war: A period of fight between countries or states when weapons are used and many people are killed.(对抗)

　　combat: A fight, conflict, controversy.

　　4.牧师 (教士 牧师) #

　　priest: A person, esp. a man specially trained for various religious duties and ceremonies, in the Christian church, esp. in the Roman Catholic church (牧师)

　　minister: A member of clergy, esp. Protestant churches. (牧师)

　　clergy(pl): The officially appointed leader of the religious activities of a particular church or temple.

　　clergyman: clergymen(pl) a member of clergy. (牧师)

　　pastor: A Christian religious leader in charge of a church and its members, esp. in a Protestant church. (教区牧师)

　　vicar: A priest in charge of an area(parish) in the church of England.

　　father: A little of respect for a priest, esp. in the Roman Catholic.

　　5.服装

　　clothing(collect): (fml) General term of clothes.

　　clothes(no single): Coverings of the body such as coats, dresses, suits, shoes, hats.

　　garment(fl): A suit of clothes used by actors./a single article of clothing.

　　costume:

　　1) The fashion of dress peculiar to a people, nation, class, period, etc.

　　2) A dress worn by actors in a play. uniform: worn by all members of the community.

　　dress:

　　1) A kind of outer garment worn by women (连衣裙).

　　2) worn on special occasions (礼服) evening dress/ morning dress

　　suit: A set of outer clothes to be worn together. evening suit/swimming suit

　　coat: A garment with sleeves worn on top of other clothes from rain, heat, etc.

　　overcoat: A warn coat worn in the street.

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