不管是在日常交谈中,还是在文件往来中,甚至在各类试卷中,表示与有关(无关)这一意义的短语的高的。那么,能与这一意义形成等值对应关系的英语表达法又有哪些呢?在整理平日读书笔记的基础上,笔者对此归类如下:
(一)译为have something(或nothing,anything,much,not much,a lot,a great deal etc.)to do with somebody or something。
例如:
1.那件事与我无关。It has nothing to do withme.
2.风和大气有着密切的关系。Winds have much to do with the atmosphere.
(二)译为connection或与其同根词有关的短语
就词的内涵意义而论,relation和connection(或connexion)都是汉语名词关系的最直接的等值对应词,故而,与这两个词有关的表达法也就顺理成章地成为首选对象了。例如:
1.我们同那家公司无业务关系。We have no business connection with that company.
2.下一次我将给你们举一些与英语学习有关的例子。Next time Ill give you some examples in connection with English study.
(三)译为:1)have a bearing on...与有关;2)have no bearing on...与无关;3) have some bearing on...与有某些关系。例如:
1.他讲的话与本议题无关。What he said has no bearing on the subject.
这句话还可译为:What he said is not connected with the subject.
2.他讲的话与本议题有关系。What he said has some bearing on this subject.
(四)译为下列表达法之一:1.relative to...; 2.relating to...;3.have relation to...;have no relation to...;4.relate to...
视语境之不同,上述表达法都能同汉语与有关(无关)形成概念意义上的等值对应关系,并多见于书面语体中。同connection一样,relation也是一个在内涵意义上最接近关系的英语对应词。例如:
1.我们必须研究与此问题有关的全部事实。We must study all the facts relative to this problem.
2.那同中国的风俗无关。That has no relation to Chinese custom.
3.这份报告与农业有关。The report has relation to agriculture.
(五)译为惯用短语 be allied to...
与本文列举的种种表达法相比,be allied to在深层含义上有自己的特色,即多指与事物起源相关或在性质上有因果联系的关系。例如:
1.暴力案件的增加与失业的增加有关。The increase in violent crimes is allied to the rise in unemployment.(注:暴力案件的增加与失业人数的增加有明显的因果关系。)
2.重工业与轻工业有着密切关系。Heavy industry is closely allied to light industry.(注:重工业和轻工业在事物起源上是相通的。)
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