1._______________ ,they went to play football that day.
2.There is no doubt that _____________ .
3.He cannot win a good reputation,______________ .
4.We have reassons to believe that, ______________ .
5.There are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society,______________ can make use of them to achieve purpose.
答案与解析:
1. Instead of going swimming
原文中没有并不一定要对应成didnt,这里我们可以使用instead of,使译文简洁明了,合乎英语习惯。采用正译法,用英语不带否定词的表达来代替中文的没有去。从本题及Exercise Two中的第二题我们可以得出结论:汉译英时,可以灵活变换句型,充分利用英语的否定或半否定语气的词语或结构,以便使译句符合英语习惯。从另一角度看,后半句英语没有出现表示转折含义的连接词,因此They didnt go swimming也是不成立的,不符合句法规范。
2. the increase in demand resulted in /caused the rise in prices
考生要注意分清result from 和result in的区别。result from指be caused by,是指原因;result in指cause,lead to,是指结果。本题还有一个考点就是:做翻译时,应尽量照顾并行结构的前后一致,如:the increase in demand and the rise in prices。
3. because he has a loose tongue
多嘴多舌显然有gossip的意思。因此我们在翻译时应先挖掘其深层含义,再用适当的英文表达出来。答案because he has a loose tongue看起来与原文并不对应,但却形象地讲内涵表达了出来。其他类似的翻译还有:a bitter tongue;a long tongue;a rough tongue;a sharp tongue;a silver tongue;a smooth tongue。
4. we would have a better and brighter future
本题意为:我们有理由相信,一个更加光明美好的未来等着我们。句子需填入部分特别容易被译成:a better and brighter future waits for us。这是因为受到了中文母语的干扰,思维被中文的语序牵着跑。如果这样译的话就会导致前后半句的主语发生转换,前面是we,后面是the future。这种转换在英文里就会显得非常突兀,不符合英文表达习惯。因此我们可以在汉译英稍作变通,将前后主语统一为we。本题还有一点考生要留意的是,是否能分清wait和await的使用区别。两者都表示等待,wait是不及物动词,必须后接介词for;await是及物动词,可以后接人。
5. but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly
本句考生特别容易译成:the prepared and the qualified。定冠词the加上形容词可以表示某一类人。the prepared and the qualified就指代作了准备的人和有资格的人,但遗漏了原文中的充分和高度。由于原句的修饰部分内容很多,因此不适宜用the +形容词的结构来指代某一类人。对于这种情况我们可以采用某一类人+后置定语的方法。这样答案就是but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly。全句的意思是:在我们的社会里,人人都有许多机遇,但是只有那些作好充分准备并且高度称职的人才能利用机遇达到目的。
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