英语四级翻译备考的课堂笔记(10)

　　1. It is time ________________ .

　　2. In the sports meeting, _______________ .

　　3. _________________ ，they enjoy true happiness.

　　4.The teacher always told us that ________________.

　　5. Since the examination is around the corner，________________.

　　答案与解析:

　　1. the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems

　　本题考点有两个。第一，考查是......的时候了的用法。翻译成英语可以说：It is time to dosomething或It is time that sb. didsomething.本句采用的是后一种虚拟语气句型。谓语部分要用过去时态。第二，有关当局应译成the authoritiesconcerned。Concerned的意思是有关的，有牵连的，常用于名词后面，修饰该名词。concerning的意思是关于，通常不作后置定语。

　　2. he substituted for the injured player

　　替换某人要用substitute for sb.，尽管汉语中只说替换，翻译时要补上介词for，以符合英语的要求。替换还有displace，replace，swap，take theplace of，instead of等说法。这些表达之间有微妙的差别，考生要注意区分。substitute 代替;取代; 代替品Nothing can substitute for the advice the doctor is able to give you.substitute的用法是：substitute A for B，意为用A代替B;

　　replace 的用法是：replace A with B，意为用B代替A。

　　3. Despite the fact that the old couple leads a very plain life

　　Despite有尽管之意，看似连词，实际上却是介词。相当于in spite of，一般后接名词，如：Despite thebad weather we enjoyed ourholiday.原句需填入部分是一个单句，因此要用despite the factthat...结构。让步状语从句还可以用although引导，即：Although the old couple leads a veryplain life.

　　4. we should apply what we learned to the practical work

　　汉语里的所学的东西，在英语里可以由关系代词what引导的宾语从句来表达。由于汉语语言的表达方式与英语不一样，初学者在翻译此类句子时往往按照汉语的顺序，一字不漏地译出来，却不会使用what从句来代替。请看下例：我经常在想上次见到你时你所说的话。如果把这句话译成I often think about the words you said last time we met就会太生硬、罗嗦。应该译成I often think about what you said last time we met. 本题我们所学到的知识可以译成what we learned。本题的另外一个考点是：将......运用于......可译成apply...to...。

　　5. I am compelled to give up doing sports

　　around the corner不是指在拐角处，而是说某事即将来临，这里可以翻译成迫在眉睫。有的同学错误地将不得不做某事译成decide to do sth.，这样就无法准确传递出原文地感情色彩。由于考试迫在眉睫，所以我不得不放弃运动。这里是被迫放弃。而decide to do是主观意志决定去做。不得不的说法在英文里有：have to，cannot but，cannot help but，cannot choose but，have no alternative but等。