果不其然,此次四级翻译主题依旧围绕中国文化、经济传统或时事话题,本篇关于教育公平,接下来我们就直奔主题一起来看看如何击破它。
首先,我们捋顺做题顺序。拿到翻译后,先迅速略览全文,对文章主题有一个背景式了解,然后迅速确定整体时态。
接下来,直接从第一句开始翻译。(1)为了促进教育公平,中国已投入360亿元,用于改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育(compulsory education)。拿到一个长句时,第一步:调整语序。找到主干部分,即中国投入 360亿元,而为了和用以是目的状语,属修饰成分,可暂缓翻译,且状语一般后置,但此处有两句状语,为使句子平衡,建议一前一后放置。「主干」:投入一词有的同学可能会想到devote,课堂上我们讲过遇到一个难词,想不出对应英文单词时,不妨先翻译这个中文词,此处投入可以替换为投资、给某人钱,所以主干部分:China has invested 36 billion yuan.(此处还有一细节注意:对billion 、million傻傻分不清楚的同学,实在不行,不妨用数字表示。)为了,大部分同学都可以想到in order to /so as to等短语,我们可以放在主干句前面:In order to promote equity in education.(公平亦可转换一下,公正大部分同学就能想到justice);那另外一句目的状语就应放在主干之后。用于在此我们可以用for或者不定式to do形式,如果选择用for,则介词后改善和加强就应用对应的同源名词,框架就变成了:China has invested 36 billion yuan for the improvement and strengthening/reinforcement of如果用不定式to do形式,框架即为:China has invested 36 billion yuan to improveand to strengthen/reinforce
再看教育设施,设施facility是我们在课上多次强调的重点词之一,农村地区rural areas(不会rural的同学应该也能想到country 吧),中西部the Midwest或者直译in the central and western regions.因此,第一句:(1)In order to promote equity in education,China has invested 36 billion yuan for the improvement of educational facilities in rural areas and reinforcement of rural compulsory education in the Midwest.
第二句:(2)这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍,使16万多所中小学受益。实际上,这一句很适合我们课堂中讲解定语翻译时的首尾相接原则,用非限定性定语从句,但此处由于360亿元后状语太长,因此我们可以重新找出主语:资金fund/money /financial support.因为第一句我们已经用了改善的名词形式,所以建议此处用回动词形式:Theses funds are used to improve educational facilities and to purchase books. 使正好符合修饰语翻译的前赴后继原则,用非限定定语从句。因此第二句整合后:(2)Theses funds were used to improve educational facilities and to purchase books, which benefited more than 160,000 primary and middle schools.
第三句:(3)资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。(3)Besides, funds were also for the usage of purchasing music and drawing equipment.第二次出现用于,我们可以避开使用be used to do以免重复。
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