3) 正译法
就汉译英而言,就是把句子按照与汉语相同的表达方式译成英语。
例1 我们强烈反对公司的新政策。
译文: We strongly object the companys new policy.
例2 人不可貌相。
译文: We cannot judge a person by his appearance.
4)反译法
就汉译英而言,就是把句子按照与汉语相反的表达方式译成英语。
例3 酒吧间只有五个顾客还没有走。
译文:Only five consumers remained in the bar.
例4 这台机器一点儿也不复杂。
译文:This machine is far from being complicated.
由上可见,正译法和反译法主要体现在汉语里是否使用不、非、无、没有、未、否等字眼,或是在英语里是否使用no, not等词或带有dis- ,im- ,in- ,un- , -less等带否定含义的词缀。读者也可将例1,例2试着用反译法表达出来。结果就是:We strongly disapprove the companys new policy.和 Appearances are deceptive. 至于两种译法得出的两个译文究竟哪一个更好,就要看译文是否准确规范,简练精辟,是否符合该语言使用者的表达习惯了。
Exercise Two
1.Everyone has his inherent ability ,________________ .
2.The importance of traffic safety , _________________ .
3.In my opinion , ______________ .
4.There is no doubt that ______________ among the youth of our country.
5.According to my personal experience , ___________________ .
1. which is easily concealed by habits
解析:每个人都有与生俱来的能力,只是很容易被习惯所掩盖。本题的难点在于对动词掩盖的选择。这里的掩盖是抽象含义,并不是像cover那样能找到真实的掩盖物,所以应该选择conceal,常用搭配由:conceal...from。另外,这句话是一个非限制性定语从句。句子需填补内容是对 ability的补充说明,能力是中心词。因此,要用which引导这个非限制性定语从句。
2. cant be overemphasized / cant be emphasized too much
解析:本句考查的是再......也不为过的的说法。英语句型是:cannot + do sth. + too much 或 cannot over-do,如:He is so excellent that we cannot praise him too much.cannot是否定,与too much 和 over-V. 结构连用时强调肯定,表示怎么......也不为过。
3. playing video games not only takes much time but also does harm to health
解析:句子需填补部分的主语是打电动玩具,虽然打是动词,但根据全句结构我们需要将play处理成动名词形式充当主语。此外,考察不仅......还的句型。浪费时间除了答案表达之外也可以用waste time 。
4. near-sightedness is a serious problem
解析:There is no doubt that后接从句,从句里应有完整的主谓宾结构。如:There is no doubt that the thief jumped into the room from the balcony in the second floor. 近视还可以说成myopia 或 short sight 。
5. smile has done me a lot of good
解析:本题考察带给某人很多好处的表达。我们知道对某人有好处可以说成do good to sb. 或do sb. good,依此类推,给我带来很多好处就是:do a lot of good to me或do me a lot of good 。
Closing the doors on paradise 为生态修复关闭旅游天堂岛屿
The good of gardening 园艺疗法益心养神
Drama queen 小题大做的人
Old-school 老一套,老派
Hangry 饥饿成怒
How to live longer 怎么才能长寿
Off the hook 脱身
In the blink of an eye 一眨眼之间
Are you ready for your exam? 考试,你准备好了吗?
Reunion? Count me out! 重聚? 别算上我!
Too much stuff 物质主义和简约主义
Pull something out of the hat 突施妙计
White / blue-collar worker 白领,蓝领
You're pulling my leg! 你在愚弄我!
Bored at work? Sue the boss! 工作无聊怪老板?
One good turn deserves another 以德报德,礼尚往来
Wardrobe dilemma 面对衣橱的困惑
The future of English 未来的英语语言变化
Online Shopping 网上购物-英语点津
Are you addicted to your phone? 你是不是玩手机上瘾了?
To make a mountain out of a molehill 小题大做
How to become a billionaire 如何成为亿万富翁
Are you a team player? 你是一名具有团队精神的人吗?
Young and in business 年轻人创业从商
Like reality, only better? 喜欢现实, 只会更好?
Can a lie-in make you healthier? 睡懒觉能让你更健康?
The university of life 生活经历
Sweat it out – in a bath! 泡热水澡等于做运动
In defence of shyness 为害羞的人辩护
Clean up your act 改邪归正
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