1. It was essential that _______________(我们在月底前签订合同).
2. _______________(家庭人口多好还是人口少好)is a very popular topic,which is often talked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well.
3. We must _____________(用一切可能的办法来帮助他们).
4. We ________________(尽情地吃了一顿)at the new restaurant last Friday.
5. To most of the travelers,________________(衣、食、住、行)are all important elements.
答案与解析:
1. We sign the contract by the end of the month
当表示愿望,要求,命令等含义的形容词如advisable,appropriate,better,best,desirable,essential,fitting,imperative,important,impossible,incredible,insistent,natural,necessary,obligatory,preferable,proper,ridiculous,strange,surprising,urgent,vital出现在形式主语句中时,从句要用虚拟语气。 签订合同 英语固定说法是sign the contract。 在月底前 要用by the end of,而不是at the end of。
2. Whether a large family is good or not
如果按照中文顺序逐一翻译就会得出译文Whether a large family is good thing or a small family is a good thing,这并没有语法错误,但不符合英语表达习惯。 家庭人口多好还是少好 可以理解为:家庭人口多是好事?还是坏事?所以这里我们可以采用反译法,将 还是人口少好 转移为汉语意思为 (人口多是好)还是不好 的英文表达--or not,使译文简洁明了,避免罗嗦。
3. help them in every way possible
本题最有可能出现的译文是:use very possible way to help them。这样译文不能说错,但不是最间接、最好的翻译。英语里,通常把方式状语放在谓语部分之后,所以可得出译文:help them in every possible way。原句 可能 出现在被修饰语 办法 之前。根据英文习惯, 可能 的对应词possible应该放在所修饰的中心词way之后,所以有了最终译文:help them in every way possible。
4. ate to our hearts content
本题让考生们困扰的是如何翻译 一顿 这个量词。其实, 一顿 是汉语特有的量词表达,是对 吃 这个动作的补充说明。 在那家新餐馆吃 就暗含了 吃了一顿 的含义。英语里没有 一顿 的对应词。一般来说,可以不译,不影响全句意思的表达。 尽情地 是个固定搭配,可译成:to ones hearts content或to the top of ones bent。
5. food,clothing,shelter,and transportation
本题要求考生熟悉汉英习语在转移时的异同。有些汉语习语在转移成英语时不需要变换位置。如:日日夜夜(day and night);但也有一些需要改变前后顺序,如:新旧(old and new);水火(fire and water);田径(track and field);钢铁(iron and steel);贫富(rich and poor);血肉(flesh and blood)。请注意本题中哪些词语的英译改变了顺序。
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