名师英语四级翻译备考课堂笔记：(132)

　　1. He works _______________(在倒数第二个办公室).

　　2. The beauty of the lake is _______________(难以用语言形容).

　　3. ________________(一个人如果关在家里)，a person cant know much about the world.

　　4. _______________(完成作业后)，they went to the library.

　　5. I found him ________________(被打得青一块紫一块).

　　答案与解析：

　　1. in the last office but one

　　but经常与表示最高级的形容词或first，next，last等同连用，如：Some people say this nation is the cleverest but one in the whole world.(有人说，这个民族在全世界范围内聪明才智排第二。)She was the last but one to come.(她是倒数第二个来的。)

　　2. beyond description

　　比起译文not easy to describe in words，cannot be described by words，答案的译文显然要精妙得多。beyond用作介词时可以表示exceeding，out the reach of，即：超出(理解、范围、眼界)之上。如：This passage is beyond my comprehension.(这篇文章超出了我的理解力。)I won t buy your radio set beyond my offer.(只要超出我出的价钱，我就不买你这台收音机。)

　　3. Kept within houses

　　过去分词短语作状语表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。Kept within houses要比If a person was kept within houses更简洁明了，且可以避免前后句person的重复。请看下例：Given more time, I can also do it.(如果给我足够时间，我也可以做此事。)过去分词短语还可以作原因状语、时间状语、伴随状语等。考生应注意复习。如：Influenced by his ideas, she joined the revolution too.(作原因状语)Heated，ice changes into water.(作条件状语)He went there with great hope，but returned greatly disappointed.(表伴随状况)

　　4. Having finished their homework

　　我们知道，现在分词在句中可以表示原因、时间、条件、结果等。本题考查了现在分词短语作时间状语的用法。由后半句可知， 完成作业 发生在 他们去图书馆 之前，因此，现在分词短语需要用完成时态。如果分词动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，就用一般式，如：Seeing the picture，he couldn t help thinking of her. (一看到照片，他就禁不住想起她。)

　　5. beaten black and blue

　　本题考点有二：一是如何表达习语 青一块紫一块 ;二是过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。过去分词作宾语补足语改为被动语态时，可以省略to be，尤其是在like，want，order，wish后，如：I wish him driven away. = I wish him to be driven away。换成被动语态后就是：He is wished driven away.