英语六级(CET6)考试翻译语法辅导:倒装句

　　条件从句中省略 if 采用倒装语序的情况

　　在 if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中，有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、 be或 have的虚拟条件句中的连词 if 省去，而将 had , should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。

　　1). 原句： If she were younger, she would do it.

　　去 If： Were she younger, she would do it. (把动词 were移到主语 she的前面 )

　　2). 原句： If he had tried it, he could have done it.

　　去 If： Had he tried it, he could have done it.(把 had移到主语 he的前面 )

　　3).Had he worked harder, he would have got through the exams.

　　4).Were he to leave today, he would get there by Friday.

　　5).Were I in your place, I wouldnt do that.

　　6).Had I seen the film, I would have discussed it with them last night.

　　假如我看了那部电影，昨晚我就可以和他们一起讨论了。

　　7).Were I a bird, I could fly freely.

　　假如我是一只小鸟，我就能自由翱翔。

　　8).Should it rain next week the farmers would have a good harvest.

　　要是下周能下雨的话，农民们就能有个好收成了。

　　如果虚拟条件句中有 were, had或 should时，把它们放在 if的位置上 ;但是如果条件句中没有 were, had或 should不能用倒装。

　　⑴ Should it rain tomorrow, what should we do? 要是明天下雨的话，我们怎么办呢 ?

　　⑵ Were I you, I would have asked him for some advice.要是我是你的话，我就向他请教了。

　　⑶ Were he to do this work by himself, he would get a lot of money.如果他自己能够做此工作，他就会得到一些钱。

　　在 开放式条件句 和让步状语从句中 should是被省略了的。在这种情况下，如果 if省略，动词 be与主语的位置要倒装。

　　⑴ If any person be guilty of a crime, the court shall have the right to appeal. (任何人犯罪，法院有权起诉。 )

　　Be any person guilty of a crime, the court shall have the right to appeal.

　　⑵ Whether she be right or wrong, she will have my unanswering support. (不管她是对还是错，我都会支持她的。 )

　　Be she right or wrong, she will have my unanswering support.

　　⑶ ____ ,I will take her as my wife.(答案看最后★)

　　Were she rich or poor

　　Being rich or poor

　　Be she poor or rich

　　Whether is she poor or rich

　　注意：有时虚拟条件句并没来 if 从句表示出来，而是用介词短语 (otherwise, or, without, but for)、上下文或其它方式来表示。

　　⑴、 We didnt know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.

　　⑵、 Without you help, I wouldnt have achieved so much.

　　⑶、 But for your help, I would not have succeeded.

　　有时虚拟条件句的从句或主句都可以省略其中一个：

　　1. I could help you. (只有主句 )

　　2. If I had time. (只有从句 )

　　3. She should have come to the meeting. (只有主句 )

　　4. If he had much more money. (只有从句 )