翻译题
一、通读理解全文。要翻译的文章是一个有机整体,都围绕着主旨展开。因此必须先通读全文,了解文章整体内容,准确把握作者作者想要表达的主题思想。注意通读不等于全读。在此基础上,还需要认真分析画线部分与上下文之间的各种关系。
二、理解拆分原句。找出主句和从句中的意群,快速切分。同时要注意句子是否有省略的地方,以及各个意群的语法逻辑功能。
三、直译切分意群。切分完意群后,带着对全文主旨和上下文的综合了解,需要对意群进行快速直译。这个步骤承上启下,关系到翻译句子的成败。直译,即是看到什么意群就直接翻译,尽量选脑子里第一时间反应出的汉语词汇和短语。直译是我们看到句子时的第一反应,是要以意群为单位,并非逐字对应着翻译。直译时要注意规避同意陷阱,避免低级错误,重点注意一词多义和易产生歧义的意群。
四、润色,调整,成文。这步要求大家将直译过来的汉语意群再加工,选用的词汇要准确,句子结构要符合我们的表达习惯。在准确理解画线部分英语句子的含义后,如何用通顺的汉语将其表达出来是关键。表达是理解的结果,是把已经理解了的原作内容选择适当的译文重新表达出来。由于两种语言存在着语言,语法以及表达方式上的差异,所以在翻译的时候必须做相应的调整和改变,使中文读者阅读译文时感到自然流畅。
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