1987年考研英语翻译真题及答案解析

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　　1987年考研英语翻译真题及答案解析

　　Section VII Chinese-English Translation

　　Translate the following sentences into English (15 points)

　　66. 所有那些努力工作的人都应得到鼓励。

　　67. 我们恳切希望你早日给我们一个答复。

　　68. 即使你说服不了他，也不要灰心丧气。

　　69. 这件事至今还没有得出正确的结论。

　　70. 你讲英语时，发音要准，否则人家就听不懂你的意思。

　　Section VIII English-Chinese Translation

　　Translate the following passage into Chinese. Only the underlined sentences are to be translated. (20 points)

　　Have there always been cities? (71) Life without large urban areas may seem inconceivable to us, but actually cities are relatively recent development. Groups with primitive economics still manage without them. The trend, however, is for such groups to disappear, while cities are increasingly becoming the dominant mode of mans social existence. (72) Historically, city life has always been among the elements which form a civilization. Any high degree of human endeavor and achievement has been closely linked to life in an urban environment. (73) It is virtually impossible to imagine that universities, hospitals, large businesses or even science and technology could have come into being without cities to support them. To most people, cities have traditionally been the areas where there was a concentration of culture as well as of opportunity. (74) In recent years, however, people have begun to become aware that cities are also areas where there is a concentration of problems. What has happened to the modern American city? Actually, the problem is not such a new one. Long before this century started, there had begun a trend toward the concentration of the poor of the American society into the cities. Each great wave of immigration from abroad and from the rural areas made the problem worse. During this century, there has also been the development of large suburban areas surrounding the cities, for the rich prefer to live in these areas. Within the cities, sections may be sharply divided into high and low rent districts, the right side of town and the slums.

　　Of course, everyone wants to do something about this unhappy situation. But there is no agreement as to goals. Neither is there any systematic approach or integrated program. Opinions are as diverse as the people who give them. (75) But one basic difference of opinion concerns the question of whether or not the city as such is to be preserved. Perhaps transportation and the means of communication have really made it possible for there to be an end to the big cities. Of course, there is the problem of persuading people to move out of them of their own free will. (76) And there is also the objection that the city has always been the core from which cultural advancement has radiated. Is this, however, still the case today in the presence of easy transportation and communication? Does culture arise as a result of people living together communally, or is it too the result of decisions made at the level of government and the communications industry?

　　It is probably true to say that most people prefer to preserve the cities. Some think that the cities could be cleaned up or totally rebuilt. This is easy to say; it would not be so easy to do. (77) To be sure, a great rebuilding project would give jobs to many of those people who need them. Living conditions could not help but improve, at least for a while. But would the problems return after the rebuilding was completed?

　　Nevertheless, with the majority of the people living in urban areas, the problem of the cities must be solved. (78) From agreement on this general goal, we have, unfortunately, in the past proceeded to disagreement on specific goals, and from there to total inaction. At the basis of much of this inaction is an old-fashioned concept -- the idea human conditions will naturally tend to regulate themselves for the general goal.

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　　答案解析：

　　Section VII: Chinese-English Translation (15 points)

　　66. All those who work hard should be encouraged.

　　67. We sincerely hope that you give us an early reply.

　　68. Dont feel discouraged even if you should fail in persuading him.

　　69. So far no correct conclusion has been drawn on the matter.

　　70. When you speak English, your pronunciation should be correct. Otherwise you cant make yourself understood.

　　Section VIII: English-Chinese Translation (20 points)

　　71. 对我们来说，生活要是没有广大的城市地区似乎是不可想象的，但实际上城市还是比较按期才发展起来的。(2分)

　　72. 从历史上看，城市生活始终是文明的一个组成部分。(2分)

　　73. 如果没有城市的支持，简直难以想象会有大学，医院，大企业，甚至连科学技术也不会有。(3分)

　　74. 可是，近几年来人们开始意识到城市也是问题成堆的地方。(2分)

　　75. 但是，一个最主要的分歧意见是，像目前这样的城市是否还要保存下去。(3分)

　　76. 同时也有人反对说，文化方面的进步，始终是以城市为中心而向外辐射的。(3分)

　　77. 诚然，一个宏伟的重建计划也许能为许多需要工作的人提供就业机会。(2分)

　　78. 遗憾的是，过去我们在总目标方面意见是一致的，但涉及到各个具体目标时，意见就不一致，因而也就根本没有什么行动。(3分)