英语常用并列连词,如and, but, so, yet, for, nor, or, not onlybut also, eitheror或 neithernor等连接两个或几个同等成分,这种结构称为并列结构。连接的同等成分可以是两个或几个动词的宾语、两个或几个名词的定语、两个或几个介词短语等。如果并列连词连接的是两个或几个简单句,则构成一个并列句,使用并列结构可以使文字简洁,结构紧凑,并避免重复。
1. But the individualist approach, by attacking gender roles, denying the significance of physiological difference, and condemning existing familial institutions as hopelessly patriarchal, has often simply treated as irrelevant the family roles important to many women.
分析:句中由by引导的三个并列平行结构表示原因。treated as结构使用了倒装结构,因为the family roles后面有修饰成分,故将其置后。
译文:而个人主义的方法由于攻击性别角色,否定生理差别的重要性,攻击现存的家庭体制是不可救药的父权制,结果把对许多妇女来说非常重要的家庭角色完全视为无关紧要了。
2. There is no complete inventory of positions or people in federal service at this level. The lack may be explained by separate agency statutes and personnel systems, diffusion among so many special services, and the absence of any central point with jurisdiction over all upper-level personnel of the government.
分析:介词by 后面的separatepersonnel systems, diffusionspecial services和the absence ofthe government为三个并列成分。表示缺少详细记载的原因。句中一些词要转译。
译文:这个级别的联邦政府官员和职位没有完整的记载。对此(缺少详细记载)所做的解释可能是,各部门的条例和人事制度各不相同,分布的特殊服务部门太多并缺少一个中心机构(总统本人除外)来管理所有的政府高级官员。
3. He refuses to consider sufficiently the wants of the customer, who must buy, not the thing he desires but the thing the English gentleman wants to sell.
分析:动词consider 后面的宾语是the wants of the customer。 非限定性定语从句who must buy 修饰the customer,not the thing but the thing是并列成分。
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