六级听力临场应对及破题技巧

　　六级听力题目构成与比例：

　　小对话： 8% 选择题 共8段小对话，8道题 ，放音一遍

　　长对话： 7% 选择题 共2段长对话，7道题，放音一遍

　　短文听力： 10% 选择题 共3篇文章，10道题，放音一遍

　　复合式听写：10% 听写填空 填8个单词和3句话，放音三遍

　　听力位于考试的卷二部分，共占全卷35%。

　　六级听力选择题目答题方法点拨：

　　一、基本解题技巧

　　小对话解题技巧之一：视听反向原则、同义替换原则。

　　视听反向原则是指，在小对话的题目中，看似明显被读到的选项反而更容易是错的。但须注意，当小对话原文本身较长或生僻词较多时，该原则可能会出现特例，如 03年6月第8题。

　　同义替换是指，若某一选项中的单词或短语是听力原文中单词或短语的同义形式，则该选项容易为正确。

　　例题：

　　A) The man failed to keep his promise.

　　B) The woman has a poor memory.

　　C) The man borrowed the book from the library.

　　D) The woman does not need the book any more.

　　原文：

　　M: Oh, Im so sorry I forgot to bring along the book you borrowed from the library.

　　W: What a terrible memory you have! Anyway, I wont need it until Friday night. As long as I can get it by then, OK?

　　Q: What do we learn from this conversation?

　　解析：可以明显看出，本题的答案为A.其中，另外三项的大部分单词或短语都被读到。

　　例题：

　　A) The printing on her T-shirt has faded.

　　B) It is not in fashion to have a logo on a T-shirt.

　　C) She regrets having bought one of the T-shirts.

　　D) It is not a good idea to buy the T-shirt.

　　原文：

　　M: I think Ill get one of those new T-shirts, you know, with the schools logo on both the front and back.

　　W: Youll regret it. They are expensive, and Ive heard the printing fades easily when you wash them.

　　Q: What does the woman mean?

　　解析：准确答案D。其中A和C中都有若干单词被读中，听到的慎选。

　　例题：

　　A) The speakers will dress formally for the concert.

　　B) The man will return home before going to the concert.

　　C) It is the first time the speakers are attending a concert.

　　D) The woman is going to buy a new dress for the concert.

　　原文：

　　M: Honey, Ill be going straight to the theatre from work this evening. Could you bring my suit and tie along?

　　W: Sure, its the first performance of the State Symphony Orchestra in our city, so suit and tie is a must.

　　Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

　　解析：准确答案A。容易错选C，听到的慎选。正确答案A 中，dress formally和suit and tie同义替换。

　　小对话解题技巧之二：动作题的处理方式。

　　选项均以动词原形或to do形式开头的题目为动作题。放音时，注意抓情态动词和建议/请求句型，其中包含的主要动作即为该题答案。

　　例题：

　　A) Leave Daisy alone for the time being.

　　B) Go see Daisy immediately.

　　C) Apologize to Daisy again by phone.

　　D) Buy Daisy a new notebook.

　　原文：

　　M: Daisy was furious yesterday because I lost her notebook. Should I go see her and apologize to again?

　　W: Well, if I were you, Id let her cool off a few days before I approach her.

　　Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?

　　解析：准确答案A。这是一道动作题，原文中出现建议句型if I were you, Id所以答案即是let her cool off a few days before I approach her的同义替换形式。此题另一难点在于A选项中短语for the time being意思是目前暂时。

　　长对话和短文听力解题技巧：视听基本一致原则、同义替换原则、特殊词定位原则

　　视听基本一致的含义是指，若听到的原文和看到的选项基本一致，则选项容易为正确。这一点和小对话的原则恰恰相反，请考生一定注意。

　　同义替换原则，同小对话。

　　特殊词定位原则是指，在原文中特殊词后面很可能出现正确答案信息。

　　例题：

　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　19. 答案D

　　A) He wants to sign a long-term contract.

　　B) He is good at both language and literature.

　　C) He prefers teaching to administrative work.

　　D) He is undecided as to which job to go for.

　　20. 答案C

　　A) They hate exams.

　　B) The all plan to study in Cambridge.

　　C) They are all adults.

　　D) They are going to work in companies.

　　21. 答案B

　　A) Difficult but rewarding.

　　B) Varied and interesting.

　　C) Time-consuming and tiring.

　　D) Demanding and frustrating.

　　原文：

　　Conversation 1

　　M: I got two letters this morning with job offers, one from the Polytechnic, and the other from the Language School in Pistoia, Italy.

　　W: So you are not sure which to go for?

　　M: Thats it. Of course, the conditions of work are very different: The Polytechnic is offering two-year contract which could be renewed, but the language school is only offering a years contract, and thats a different minus. It could be renewed, but you never know.

　　W: I see. So its much less secure. But you dont need to think too much about steady jobs when you are only 23.

　　M: Thats true.

　　W: What about the salaries?

　　M: Well, the Pistoia job pays much better in the short term. Ill be getting the equivalent of about ￡22,000 a year there, but only ￡20,000 at the Polytechnic. But then the hours are different. At the Polytechnic Id have to do 35 hours a week, 20 teaching and 15 administrations, whereas the Pistoia school is only asking for 30 hours teaching.

　　W: Mmm

　　M: Then the type of teaching is so different. The Polytechnic is all adults and mostly preparation for exams like the Cambridge certificates. The Language School wants me to do a bit of exam preparation, but also quite a lot of work in companies and factories, and a couple of childrens classes. Oh, and a bit of literature teaching.

　　W: Well, that sounds much more varied and interesting. And Id imagine you would be doing quire a lot of teaching outside the school, and moving around quite a bit.

　　M: Yes, whereas with the Polytechnic position, Id be stuck in the school all day.

　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard:

　　Q19. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?

　　Q20. What do we learn about the students at the Polytechnic?

　　Q21. What does the woman think of the job at the Language school?

　　例题：

　　Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　22. 答案C

　　A) Interviewing a moving star.

　　B) Discussing teenage role models.

　　C) Hosting a television show.

　　D) Reviewing a new biography.

　　23. 答案A

　　A) He lost his mother.

　　B) He was unhappy in California.

　　C) He missed his aunt.

　　D) He had to attend school there.

　　24. 答案B

　　A) He delivered public speeches.

　　B) He got seriously into acting.

　　C) He hosted talk shows on TV.

　　D) He played a role in East of Eden.

　　25. 答案B

　　A) He made numerous popular movies.

　　B) He has long been a legendary figure.

　　C) He was best at acting in Hollywood tragedies.

　　D) He was the most successful actor of his time.

　　原文：

　　Conversation 2

　　Good evening and welcome to tonights edition of Legendary Lives. Our subject this evening is James Dean, actor and hero for the young people of his time. Edward Murray is the author of a new biography of Dean.

　　W: Good evening, Edward.

　　M: Hello Tina.

　　W: Edward, tell us what you know about Deans early life.

　　M: He was born in Indiana in 1931, but his parents moved to California when he was five. He wasnt there long though because his mother passed away just four years later. Jimmys father sent him back to Indiana after that to live with his aunt.

　　W: So how did he get into acting?

　　M: Well, first he acted in plays at high school, then he went to college in California where he got seriously into acting. In 1951 he moved to New York to do more stage acting.

　　W: Then when did his movie career really start?

　　M: 1955. His first starring role was in East of Eden. It was fabulous. Dean became a huge success. But the movie that really made him famous was his second one, Rebel Without a Cause, that was about teenagers who felt like they didnt fit into society.

　　W: So how many more movies did he make?

　　M: Just one more, then he died in that car crash in California in 1955.

　　W: What a tragedy! He only made three movies! So what made him the legend he still is today?

　　M: Well I guess his looks, his acting ability, his short life, and maybe the type of character he played in his movies. Many young people saw him as a symbol of American youths.

　　Q22 What is the woman doing?

　　Q23 Why did James Dean move back to Indiana when he was young?

　　Q24 What does the man say James Dean did at college in California?

　　Q25 What do we know about James Dean from the conversation?

　　例题：

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　30. 答案C

　　A) Some of them had once experienced an earthquake.

　　B) Most of them lacked interest in the subject.

　　C) Very few of them knew much about geology.

　　D) A couple of them had listened to a similar speech before.

　　31. 答案B

　　A) By reflecting on Americans previous failures in predicting earthquakes.

　　B) By noting where the most severe earthquake in U. S. history occurred.

　　C) By describing the destructive power of earthquakes.

　　D) By explaining some essential geological principles.

　　32. 答案C

　　A) Interrupt him whenever he detected a mistake.

　　B) Focus on the accuracy of the language he used.

　　C) Stop him when he had difficulty understanding.

　　D) Write down any points where he could improve.

　　原文：

　　Passage 2

　　Juan Louis, a junior geology major, decided to give an informative speech about how earthquakes occur. From his audience and analysis he learned that only 2 or 3 of his classmates knew much of anything about geology. Juan realized then that he must present his speech at an elementary level and with a minimum of scientific language. As he prepared the speech, Juan kept asking himself, How can I make this clear and meaningful to someone who knows nothing about earthquakes or geological principles? Since he was speaking in the Midwest, he decided to begin by noting that the most severe earthquake in American history took place not in California or Alaska but at New Madrid, Missouri in 1811. If such an earthquake happened today, it would be felt from the Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean and would flatten most of the cities in the Mississippi valley. That, he figured, should get his classmates attention. Throughout the body of the speech, Juan dealt only with the basic mechanics of the earthquakes, carefully avoid technical terms. He also prepared visual aids, diagramming photo line, so his classmates wouldnt get confused. To be absolutely safe, Juan asked his roommate, who was not a geology major, to listen to the speech. Stop me, he said, any time I say something you dont understand. Juans roommate stopped him four times. And at each spot, Juan worked out a way to make his point more clearly. Finally, he had a speech that was interesting and perfectly understandable to his audience.

　　Questions 30 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　Q30 What did Juan Louis learn from the analysis of his audience?

　　Q31 How did Juan Louis start his speech?

　　二、审题及利用选项推知答案

　　1、审题的作用：

　　小对话看选项，判断题目类型，推知解题方法。

　　长对话及短文看选项，推断问题，方便运用视听基本一致原则且帮助定位。预测长对话或短文的主题。

　　2、如何在完全听不懂的情况下通过选项推知答案：

　　一般的，当两个选项意思相近或谈论的话题相同时，其中一个可能是正确答案;当两个选项通过同义转换使得实际观点相同时，两个选项均不是答案;当两个选项话题相同且意思相反时，其中一个可能是正确答案。

　　例题：

　　14. .A. She can help the man take care of the plants.

　　B. Most plants grow better in direct sunlight.

　　C. The plants need to be watered frequently.

　　D. The plants should be placed in a shady spot.

　　答案：D

　　原文：

　　14. M: The plants next to the window always look brown. You wouldnt know by looking at them that I water them every week.

　　W: Maybe they dont like direct sunlight. I had the same problem with some of my plants. And a little shade helps them immensely.

　　Q: What does the woman imply?

　　解析：只看选项，CD选项相近且主语都是The plants，话题相同;BD选项话题相同且意思相反，所以选D 。

　　三、资讯听力相关知识

　　决定资讯听力解题能力的主要是以下三个方面：

　　1、底词积累

　　所谓底词，是指在资讯英语中作为基础词的相关词汇，包括常见熟词的资讯范畴生僻词义以及专门的资讯用词。不仅要知道其含义，更要对其发音十分熟悉。

　　比如，资讯听力最难的类型莫过于财政资讯，因为很多考生对于数字并不敏感，且对于财政方面的词汇积累更是有限，比如multilateral currency realignment，不是学金融方面专业的同学恐怕会觉得无从下手。

　　类似这样的词汇很多在于日常的积累，这里举几个例子供大家参考：

　　毕业生就业率 graduate employment rate

　　占有一个较大比例 form/constitute a large proportion

　　贫富分化 polarization between the rich and the poor

　　社会保障体系 social security system

　　危险被大大遏制了 the risk is largely contained

　　由于资讯词汇涵盖面很广，大家在业余时间应该去留意一下一些国家名、地名、政要名字等;大家同样也应多注意看一下CCTV-9的BizChina等财经节目以及各英语电视台的政治资讯，有助于提高财经和政治资讯方面的专业词汇量。

　　2、是否熟悉常见资讯结构

　　相对于一般短文，资讯有一些相对固定的比较常见的结构，如倒金字塔结构。最常考的资讯出题思路就是一个中心加若干细节的设题。把握住常见资讯结构的解题效率远高于盲目跟听。

　　3、是否能够根据自己的既有知识框架进行有效联想

　　几乎没有考生可以一次性听清楚资讯中的每一个单词，但这往往并不是决定这套资讯题目做的准确率高低的关键。资讯中具有大量的信息，但并不是所有信息都是有用信息。在进行有效的题目预设后，无关信息在听的过程中应该大胆放弃。遇到较难的专业词汇时，也不要慌张，通过联系上下文及开篇导语句进行词义句义猜测，千万不要顾此失彼，纠结在一个词义上而影响其他内容的听记。有效联想的练习应该落实在平时，要多注意积累，熟悉近期的国际时事，尤其政治、经济、重大科技发明等方面的事件。

　　资讯听力解题方案提要：

　　1、听前预审题。

　　主要通过选项猜测这篇资讯的主要谈论内容是什么。比如通过jump, decline等词结合数字猜知这是财经资讯，通过casualty, deaths等词猜知该资讯很可能会谈到一个事故和伤亡人数，通过政要的名字猜知可能会谈及政治时事等。审题同样可以结合高频词汇、是否主语相同需看谓语、是否出现极端词、时态提示点等几个通用审题要点。

　　2、听时抓首句。

　　最常见的倒金字塔资讯格式决定了最常考的资讯出题思路就是一个中心加若干细节的设题。所以，首句群作为全文的开始，通常是重要信息点的罗列，必须要认真听。

　　3、不忘记笔记。

　　除了抓住首句群，资讯听力同样要求大家能够时时做笔记，建议结合资讯结构，用分类流程图的方式快速记录资讯的要点。注意要按逻辑顺序记录，不要只记下无关堆砌的一堆词。此外，考生平时应该注意培养速记的习惯。

　　4、联想加回忆。

　　很多考生如果平时做到关心时事，那么真的在考试中遇到熟悉事情的资讯篇章也不足为奇。资讯本身就是对时事的记录，所以有的同学认为资讯听力有道理可循有范围可押题，这在一定程度上是讲得通的。建议大家可以多登录比如yahoo英语资讯和CRI、CCTV-9等英语资讯媒体，做好日常积累，在考试的时候进行有效的联想和回忆，拿高分则胜算在手。

六级考试听力题目中出现的重点词汇和短语

　　1) As long as 只要

　　见11题Anyway, I wont need it until Friday night. As long as I can get it by then, OK?

　　2) If I were you, I would do 表建议如果我是你，我会

　　见15题Well, if I were you, Id let her cool off a few days before I approach her.

　　3) fatigue 疲惫，疲劳

　　单词难度较大，见12题B) Fatigue is a typical symptom of lack of exercise.

　　4) equivalent 等价物;等值的

　　单词高频且难度大，见2010年6月长对话原文部分Ill be getting the equivalent of about ￡22,000 a year there

　　5) at the scene 在现场

　　见2010年6月第一篇短文资讯Rescue workers were at the scene.

　　6) deal with 处理，应对相当于cope with和handle, tackle

　　见2010年6月第二篇短文原文Throughout the body of the speech, Juan dealt only with the basic mechanics of the earthquakes, carefully avoid technical terms.

　　7) psychological 心理学的多次在短文及复合式听写原文出现。

　　见2010年6月复合式听写and their mental and psychological development is severely hindered by lack of language

　　8) be linked to 与有联系