SAT作文素材 Henri Bergsons The Creative Mind
Henri Bergsons The Creative Mind: An Introduction to Metaphysics is a collection of essays and lectures concerning the nature of intuition, explaining how intuition can be used as a philosophical method. Intuition is described as a method of thinking in duration which reflects the continuous flow of reality. Bergson distinguishes between intuitive and conceptual thinking, explaining how intuition and intellect may be combined to produce a dynamic knowledge of reality.
Bergson distinguishes between two forms of time: pure time and mathematical time. Pure time is real duration. Mathematical time is measurable duration. Real time is continuous and indivisible. Mathematical time is divisible into units or intervals which do not reflect the flow of real time.
According to Bergson, real time cannot be analyzed mathematically. To measure time is to try to create a break or disruption in time. In order to try to understand the flow of time, the intellect forms concepts of time as consisting of defined moments or intervals. But to try to intellectualize the experience of duration is to falsify it. Real duration can only be experienced by intuition.
In the intellectual representation of time, a succession of distinct states or events is presented as a spatialized form of time. Time is conceptualized as an ordered arrangement of defined events, rather than as an endless flow of experience in an indivisible continuity. The intellect analyzes time as having measurable duration, but the flow of real time can only be known by intuition.
Bergson says that reality has extension as well as duration. However, space is not a void or vacuum which is filled by reality. Things are not in space, space is in things. Thus, emptiness can only be conceptualized by suppressing a space-occupying reality. Similarly, nothingness can only be conceptualized by suppressing the awareness of being. According to Bergson, emptiness cannot be directly perceived, it can only be conceptualized.
Bergson also argues that intellect and intuition are capable of different kinds of knowledge. Scientific principles are intellectual, while metaphysical principles are intuitive. However, science and philosophy can be combined to produce knowledge that is both intellectual and intuitive. Such knowledge can unify divergent perceptions of reality.
The existence of time may explain the indeterminateness of things. Time as duration may explain why indeterminate things may later be able to be determined. Things that can be determined may also become indeterminate. If time did not exist, all things could be determined simultaneously. The indeterminateness of things means that the outcome of some events may change, and that there may be freedom of action. Freedom can be experienced by direct intuition.
沪教版小学英语一年级下册教案unit1课时3
沪教版小学英语一年级下册教案unit1课时5
一年级英语上册教案 Unit 1 第二课时
新起点小学一年级英语教案Unit7 Fruit
牛津小学一年级英语Unit5 Fruit教案(五个课时)
牛津版一年级英语上册Unit 2 Good morning 教案
牛津版一年级英语上册教案Unit4 My bag第一课时
沪教版小学英语一年级下册教案unit1课时6
一年级英语上册教案 Unit1My classroom 第三课时
苏教版小学一年级英语下册Unit5 On the road教案
牛津版一年级英语上册unit5 Fruit教案(2)
沪教牛津版小学英语一年级上册 Unit3 period1教案
上海牛津版一年级英语下册Unit3 Colours教案(1)
沪教牛津版小学英语一年级上册 Unit 8 教案
一年级英语上册Unit1 My classroom第三课时教案
沪教牛津版小学英语一年级上册 Unit 3 第二课时教案
牛津版小学一年级英语上册Unit1 Hello教案
一年级英语上册Unit8 Playtime 第三课时教案
上海牛津版一年级英语下册Unit2 Small animals教案
沪教牛津版小学英语一年级上册 unit9 教案
新起点小学一年级英语下册Unit11 Toys教案
一年级英语下册Unit2 Small animals第三课时教案
沪教版小学英语一年级下册教案unit1课时4
上海版牛津一年级英语教案Unit8 Playtime(总五课时)
沪教牛津版小学英语一年级上册 Unit3 period2教案
一年级英语Module1 unit6 Mid-Autumn Festival教案
牛津版一年级英语上册unit5 Fruit教案(1)
上海版牛津一年级英语教案 Unit 3 My abilities
上海牛津版一年级英语下册Unit9 Revision第二课时教案
沪教版小学英语一年级下册教案unit1单元分析
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |