征服者威廉
William the Conqueror 1027 -- 1087
King of England; born c. 1027, in Falaise, Normandy, France. He was an illegitimate child of Robert I, Duke of Normandy, who died in 1035 while returning from a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. At only eight years of age, William became the new Duke of Normandy. Violence and corruption plagued his early reign, as the feudal barons fought for control of his fragile dukedom. A few of Williams guards died and his teacher was murdered during a period of severe anarchy. With the help of King Henry I of France, William managed to survive the early years.
The king knighted William, still in his teens, in 1042. Taking a new stand on political events, William finally gained firm control of his duchy . By 1064, he had conquered and won two neighboring provincesBrittany and Maine. In the meantime, the childless King of EnglandEdward the Confessor, whose mother was a sister of Williams grandfatherpromised William succession to the English throne. However, when Edward died in 1066, his brother-in-law and most powerful of the English lords, Harold Goodwin, claimed the throne of England for himself . The Witan, a council of English lords that commonly took part in deciding succession, supported Harold. William, angered by the betrayal, decided to invade England and enforce his claim.
William assembled a fleet and an army on the French coast, but due to unrelenting north winds, their advance was delayed for several weeks. In the meantime, the Norwegian army invaded England from the North Sea. Harold, who had been preparing for Williams invasion from the south, rapidly moved his army north to defend England from Norway. After defeating the Norwegians, Harold unwisely marched his troops back down to meet William, without a rest. On October 14, 1066, the two armies met in the famous Battle of Hastings. King Harold and his two brothers were killed in the battle, and since no one of stature remained to raise a new army, Williams path to the throne was clear. He was crowned King of England on Christmas Day.
There were several revolts in the next five years, which William used as an excuse to confiscate English land and declare it his personal property. He then distributed the land to his Norman followers, who imposed their unique feudal system. Eventually, Normans replaced the entire Anglo-Saxon aristocracy. William, however, retained most of Englands institutions and was intensely interested in learning about his new property. He ordered a detailed consensus to be made of the population and property of Englandwhich was compiled in The Domesday Book .
William died in 1087 in Rouen, France. He had four sons and five daughters, and every monarch of England since has been his direct descendent. Although he never spoke English and was illiterate, he had more influence on the evolution of the English language then anyone before or sinceadding a slew of French and Latin words to the English dictionary. The introduction of skilled Norman administrators may be largely responsible for eventually making England the most powerful government in Europe.
小学英语互动教学模式的探索和实践
无处不在的选择
10句短小精悍的英语格言
词汇复习应语境化
教授写作技巧:鼓励学生参与
报刊阅读在英语教学中的作用
通过阅读提升完形填空解题能力
抬头就能看到希望
初中英语动词不定式精讲精练
完形填空解题技巧
用趣味横生的导入方法激活课堂
高中英语写作教学中语言输入的有效性
简单的五字短语
中国英语教师可借鉴的写作课教学技巧
通过结合听说读写四技能的训练提升写作教...
激励人生的英语格言
站起来的勇气
通过建立语言信息库帮助学生提高写作
概念图在初中英语阅读教学中的运用
语法复习策略小议
找一个支点,托起学生腾飞的翅膀——以小...
运用报刊阅读,促进英语教学
做好Student’s Daily Presentation这道“...
有效训练阅读策略
麦当劳点餐的常见口语
为你而生
“四步法”攻克名词性从句
如何提高英语阅读理解能力
一位英语教师眼中的英国教育
浅谈新课程标准的核心环节
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |