Hoover Dam Architectural style
The initial plans for the facade of the dam, the power plant, the outlet tunnels and ornaments clashed with the modern look of an arch dam. The Bureau of Reclamation, more concerned with the dams functionality, adorned it with a Gothic-inspired balustrade and eagle statues. This initial design was criticized by many as being too plain and unremarkable for a project of such immense scale, so Los Angeles-based architect Gordon B. Kaufmann, then the supervising architect to the Bureau of Reclamation, was brought in to redesign the exteriors. Kaufmann greatly streamlined the design, and applied an elegant Art Deco style to the entire project. He designed sculptured turrets rising seamlessly from the dam face and clock faces on the intake towers set for the time in Nevada and Arizonathe two states are in different time zones, but as Arizona does not observe Daylight Saving Time, the clocks display the same time for more than half the year.
At Kaufmanns request, Denver artist Allen Tupper True was hired to handle the design and decoration of the walls and floors of the new dam. Trues design scheme incorporated motifs of the Navajo and Pueblo tribes of the region. Although some initially were opposed to these designs, True was given the go-ahead and was officially appointed consulting artist. With the assistance of the National Laboratory of Anthropology, True researched authentic decorative motifs from Indian sand paintings, textiles, baskets and ceramics. The images and colors are based on Native American visions of rain, lightning, water, clouds, and local animalslizards, serpents, birdsand on the Southwestern landscape of stepped mesas. In these works, which are integrated into the walkways and interior halls of the dam, True also reflected on the machinery of the operation, making the symbolic patterns appear both ancient and modern.
With the agreement of Kaufmann and the engineers, True also devised an innovative color coding for the pipes and machinery, which was implemented throughout all BOR projects. Trues consulting artist job lasted through 1942; it was extended so he could complete design work for the Parker, Shasta and Grand Coulee dams and power plants. Trues work on the Hoover Dam was humorously referred to in a poem published in The New Yorker, part of which read, lose the spark, and justify the dream; but also worthy of remark will be the color scheme.
Complementing Kaufmann and Trues work, the Norwegian-born, naturalized American sculptor Oskar J.W. Hansen designed many of the sculptures on and around the dam. His works include the monument of dedication plaza, a plaque to memorialize the workers killed and the bas-reliefs on the elevator towers. In his words, Hansen wanted his work to express the immutable calm of intellectual resolution, and the enormous power of trained physical strength, equally enthroned in placid triumph of scientific accomplishment. because The building of Hoover Dam belongs to the sagas of the daring. Hansens dedication plaza, on the Nevada abutment, contains a sculpture of two winged-figures flanking a flagpole. Surrounding the base of the monument is a terrazzo floor embedded with a star map. The map depicts the Northern Hemisphere sky at the moment of President Roosevelts dedication of the dam. This is intended to help future astronomers, if necessary, calculate the exact date of dedication. The 30 feet high bronze figures, dubbed Winged Figures of the Republic, were each formed in a continuous pour. To put such large bronzes into position without marring the highlypolished bronze surface, they were placed on ice and guided into position as the ice melted. Hansens bas-relief on the Nevada elevator tower depicts the benefits of the dam: flood control, navigation, irrigation, water storage, and power. The bas-relief on the Arizona elevator depicts, in his words: the visages of those Indian tribes who have inhabited mountains and plains from ages distant.
高中英语第五册unit12 reading课件
2011年初三年级英语毕业试卷及答案
人教版九年级英语Unit11同步阅读题含答案
高一英语下学期Unit4-6测试题及答案
外研版高一英语模块一二检测题及答案
2011年高桥初中教育九年级英语初质量检测题及答案
高三五月模拟考试英语试题
高中英语Unit 10 The world around us课件
2013届福建省师大附中高三英语上学期期中试题及答案
初三英语综合模拟试卷及答案
外研版初三英语下Module3-Module4测试题及答案
初中英语 新目标初三英语试卷Unit2课文总结及同步练习题附答案
高考英语单项填空(13)
2012年浙江金华初三英语下册3月月考试题及答案
牛津初三英语9A单词默写
新目标初三英语下学期月考试卷及答案
牛津英语初三英语上册第一次月考试题
江苏省苏州市2011年九年级英语月考试卷及答案
2012届凤起中学九年级英语下学期开学检测试题及答案
高一英语必修2 Module3课件
初三第一学期期末考试英语补充试题2
初三英语教案上册Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to1
新目标初三英语上册Units8测试题
2011吉林省实验中学高三英语第一次模拟考试
高中英语语法 过去分词课件
高中英语第二册 A Garden of Poems课件
上海黄浦初三英语质量检测题无答案
湖北省鄂州市梁子湖区宅俊中学初三英语月考试题及答案
初三英语教案Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?
2011年新疆克拉玛依市初升高英语试题及答案
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |