2. 教育与社会:
How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society.
a) 儿童的社会化对于社会的未来很重要,儿童的社会化培养了儿童生活自理能力,基本的知识与技能,为价值观,道德的形成奠定了基础。比如孩子在游戏总表现出来的勇敢,领导,协作,诚实,与通过。如果人们由于不当的社会化导致了antisocial, 未来对社会只会造成危害
b) 但是社会的未来不仅仅决定与儿童的社会化,还有许多其他因素,卓越的领导人改变了社会的命运,Mahatma Gandhi改变了印度社会的命运,但是他的成功源自内心对自由的信仰,而不是来自出身印度上流社会的社会化。罗斯福Roosevelt虽然从小受残疾的影响没有很好的socially developed,性格也古怪。但是依靠New Deal给美国社会注入了强大的动力。
c) 现实的证据证明我们也掌握了很多进行儿童社会化的手段和方法,否则今天社会那些取得的卓越成就从哪里来。今天社会greater tolerance of differing viewpoints and people who are different from ourselves, 尊重和保护 individual rights, and greater cooperation across cultural and national boundaries, 都是由the most recent half-century创造的.今天的社会更加尊重妇女的权利,对黑人的歧视越来越少。社会对处在失业的,helpless的人给予更多的帮助。
Education encourages students to question and criticize, and therefore does little to promote social harmony.
Both parents and communities must be involved in the local schools. Education is too important to leave solely to a group of professional educators.
a) 孩子有大段时间是不在学校的,但其健康成长应该是全面的full-scale教育,而不仅仅是学校教育。如:家长带孩子外出旅游,就可增加他们与大自然的接触,培养出眼界开阔的孩子broaden their horizon。若父母不参与到教育中,不在学校的时间孩子可能玩电游,或在一起看暴力片violence、或打架斗殴。
b) 但是父母虽然看起来最了解孩子,最知道孩子需要学习什么,以及学习的方式。但是他们往往会误导自己的孩子。父母对于自己生活中的某种遗憾会变成对孩子的期望,不能真正让孩子学习自己感兴趣的东西。比如父母当年喜欢物理,但是确没能在物理上有所成就。于是期望自己的孩子能在物理上有所成就,但是孩子喜欢音乐,父母的意见压抑了孩子的兴趣。
c) 父母过多的参与会扰乱正常的教学秩序。如果是home-schooling,即使可以请好的老师单独教育孩子,但是孩子缺乏与其他同龄人的接触,会造成性格上的孤立不能很好的融入社会。
d) 而专业的老师,受过教育心理学,相关的学习与培训,更容易引导学生进行有效的学习。比如培养学生兴趣,耐心的知道孤立表现不好的学生。
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