全国职称英语考试综合类C级课堂笔记阅读理解第4讲

　　阅读理解解题思路：

　　1. 解读文章标题，把握文章主题/中心;

　　2.看问题句，确认问题句类型：主题题?细节题?并利用问题句中的核心词和或特征词作为答案线索;

　　3. 比较被选项在含义，在句子结构上的相互关系，猜测答案范围;

　　4. 利用问题句的核心词/特征词(还可考虑被选项中的核心词/特征词)作为答案线索，在文章中查找答案相关句，确认答案。

　　例题解析：

　　Passage 1

　　Goal of American education

　　Education is all enormous and expensive part of American life.Its size is matched by its variety.

　　Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyone not just for a privileged elite.Schools are expected to meet the needs of every child，regardless of ability, and also the needs of society itself.This means that public schools offer more than academic subjects.It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses as typing，sewing，radio repair, computer programming or driver training，along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics，history, and languages.Students choose their curricula depending on their interests，future goals，and level of ability.The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities，and to give each one a sense of civic and community consciousness.

　　Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and

　　Americanizing the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins.Schools still play a large role in the community, especially in the small towns.

　　The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many, not only because it is informal，but also because there is not much emphasis on learning facts.Instead，Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities. Students spend much time，learning how to use resource materials，libraries，statistics and computers.Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well and to research well, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives.Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of facts.

　　This is Americas answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking themselves in the fast-moving time：How Can one prepare todays child for a tomorrow that one can neither predict nor understand?

　　词汇：

　　privileged adj.享有特权的

　　Elite n.精英，精华

　　academic adj.学术的

　　curricula n.课程

　　underlying adj.潜在的

　　reason v.推理

　　练习：

　　1.Wmch of the following best states the goal of American education?

　　A)To teach every learner some practical skills.

　　B)To provide every learner with rich knowledge.

　　C)To give every student the opportunity to fully develop his/her ability.

　　D)To train every student to be a responsible citizen.

　　2.It is implied in the passage that

　　A)all high-school students take the same courses.

　　B)every high-school student must take some practical ability training courses.

　　C)every public school offers the same academic subjects.

　　D)the subjects every student takes may vary.

　　3.American schools place great emphasis on the learners

　　A)enrichment of knowledge.

　　B)accumulation of facts.

　　C)acquisition of the ability to be creative.

　　D)acquisition of the ability to work with his hands.

　　4.According to the passage，American education meets the needs of all the following EXCEPT

　　A)the brightest students.

　　B)the slow students.

　　C)the students from foreign countries.

　　D)the immigrants.

　　5.Which of the following best states the feature of American education that makes it different from education in other countries?

　　A)The large number of its schools.

　　B)The variety of the courses offered in its schools.

　　C)Its special consideration given to immigrants

　　D)Its underlying goal to develop every childs abilities to the fullest extent.

　　1.文章主题分析：Goal of American education

　　2.直接解题：

　　1. Which of the following best states the goal of American education?

　　A. To teach every learner some practical skills

　　B. To provide every learner with rich knowledge

　　C. To give every student the opportunity to fully develop his/her ability.

　　D. To train every student to be a responsible citizen.

　　1. C。分析：问题问及美国教育的目的，该问题有关文章主题。利用被选项中的核心结构(practical skills，rich knowledge， fully develop his/her ability，responsible citizen )作为答案线索，在文章中查找答案相关句：

　　(第2段)The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities, and to give each one a sense of civic(公民的) and community consciousness. 该句说要培养孩子发挥他们最大的潜力， 并让他们具有公民意识和社会意识，因此判断C是答案。

　　2. It is implied in the passage that

　　A. all high-school students take the same courses.

　　B. every high-school student must take some practical ability training courses.

　　C. every public school offers the same academic subjects

　　D. the subjects every student takes may vary.

　　2.D.分析：既然借助前面问题的解答知道美国教育的根本目标是在于学生能力的培养，因此推断D(学生学习的科目是变化的(因人而异))是答案。也可以借助原文，利用被选项中的核心词(same courses，practical ability training courses，same academic subjects， the subjects vary)作为答案线索： This means that public schools offer more than academic subjects. It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses as tying, sewing, or driver training, along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics, .. Students choose their curricula depending on their interests, future goals, and level of ability. 该划线句表明学生根据他们的兴趣，将来的目标和能力水平进行课程的选择，因此可以推断出D的含义每个学生学习的课程可能是不同的。

　　3. American schools place great emphasis on the learners

　　A. enrichment of knowledge

　　B. accumulation of facts

　　C. acquisition of the ability to be creative

　　D. acquisition of the ability to work with his hands.

　　3.C.分析：由于前面的问题都涉及到学生能力的培养，因此推断C或D正确。利用这两个选项中的核心词creative和 work with his hands作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：Instead, Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities. 根据该句句意判断C(获得创造力)是答案。

　　4. According to the passage, American education meets the needs of all the following EXCEPT

　　A. the brightest students.

　　B. the slow students

　　C. the students from foreign countries.

　　D. the immigrants.

　　4.C. 分析：借助第1题的了解：美国教育致力于培养每个学生的能力，因此判断A和B都应该是美国教育能满足的对象。利用被选项C和D中的核心词(from foreign countries， immigrants)作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and Americanizing the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins. 定语

　　该句说：美国学校在国家团结和使数百万美国移民者美国化上起着重要的作用。该句间接的暗示美国教育能满足移民者的需要，因此只有C没有提到。

　　5. Which of the following best states the feature of American education that makes it different from education in other countries?

　　A. The large number of its schools.

　　B. The variety of the courses offered in its schools.

　　C. Its special consideration given to immigrants.

　　D. Its underlying goal to develop every childs abilities to the fullest extent.

　　5.D. 分析：问题问及美国教育和其他国家的教育在什么方面不同，注意文章中提到比较的句子，这样在文章第2段开头找到答案相关句：Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyone not just for a privileged elite. 该句强调了面向每个学生的教育，对比被选项判D正确D中提到了培养每个学生的能力与答案相关句最呼应。 Passage 2

　　The national park service

　　Americas national parks are like old friends.You may not see them for years at a time，but just knowing theyre out there makes you feel better.Hearing the names of these famous old friends--Yosemite，Yellowstone，Grand Canyon-revives memories of visits past and promotes dreams of those still to come.

　　From Acadia to Zion，369 national parks are part of a continually evolving system.

　　Ancient fossil beds，Revolutionary wall battlefields，magnificent mountain ranges，and monuments to heroic men and women who molded this country。are all a part of our National Park System.The care and preservation for future generations of these special places is entrusted to the National Park Service.Uniformed Rangers，the most visible representatives of the Service，not only offer park visitors a friendly wave，a helpful answer, or a thoughtprovoking history lesson，but also are skilled rescuers，firefighters，and dedicated resource protection professionals.The National Park Service ranks also include architects，historians，archaeologists，biologists，and a host of other experts who preserve and protect everything from George Washingtons teeth to Thomas Edisons wax recordings.

　　Modem society has brought the National Park Service both massive challenges and enormous opportunities.Satellite and computer technologies are expanding the educational possibilities of a national park beyond its physical boundaries.Cities struggling to revive their urban cores are turning to the Park Service for expert assistance to preserve their cultural heritage, create pocket parks and green spaces，and re-energize local economies.Growing communities thirsty for recreational outlets are also working with the NPS to rum abandoned railroad tracks into bike and hiking trails，as well as giving unused federal property new life as recreation centers.

　　To help meet these challenges and take advantage of these opportunities，the National Park Service has formed partnershipssome dating back 100 years，some only months old

　　with other agencies，state and local governments，corporations，American Indian tribes and Alaska Natives， Park Friends groups，cooperating associations，private organizations，community groups and individuals who share the National Park ethic.

　　National Park Week 1996 is a celebration of these partnerships.

　　词汇：

　　revive vt. 重新唤起，重新记起 苏醒，复苏

　　promote vt.促成，促进 晋升，提升

　　evolve vi.演化;vt.使逐步形成

　　fossil aaj.化石的

　　range n.山地;山脉

　　entrust vt.委托管理委托

　　ranger n.国家公园管理员，国有森林护林员

　　core n.中心核心

　　trail n.小道，.小径

　　ethic n.道德规范，伦理标准

　　练习：

　　1.Why are Americas national parks like old friends?

　　A)Because they are always out there.

　　B)Because they are very old.

　　C)Because they make people feel better.

　　D)Because they are very famous.

　　2.Which of the following statements is true about uniformed rangers?

　　A)They take tourists to national parks.

　　B)They always act as tourist guides.

　　C)They help setup new national parks.

　　D)They protect the National Park System.

　　3.The National Park Service does all of the following EXCEPT

　　A)offering help to visitors.

　　B)molding the Nation.

　　C)keeping people better informed of the National Park System

　　D)helping preserve the cultural heritage.

　　4.What is this passage about?

　　A)It is about the American National Parks.

　　B)It is about the National Park Service.

　　C)It is about the National Park Service partnerships.

　　D)It is about the care and preservation of the National Parks in America

　　5.What will the paragraph following this passage most probably discuss?

　　A)The pocket parks in America.

　　B)The preparations made for the celebration of National Park Week 1996.

　　C)The work that has been done by the partners.

　　D)The preservation of national resources in America.

　　答案及解析

　　文章标题分析： The national park service

　　Americas national parks are like old friends. You may not see them for years at a time, but just knowing theyre out there makes you feel better. Hearing the names of these famous old friends Yosemite, Yellowstone, Grand Canyon

　　根据以上的句子判断文章将讲述的国家公园服务是指在美国国家公园里的服务(服务结构?)

　　直接解题：

　　1. Why are Americas national parks like old friends?

　　A. because they are always out there.

　　B. because they are very old

　　C. because they make people feel better

　　D. because they are very famous

　　1. A. 分析：利用题干中的核心词老朋友作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：Americas national parks are like old friends. You may not see them for years at a time, but just knowing theyre out there makes you feel better. Hearing the names of these famous old friends Yosemite, Yellowstone, Grand Canyon 划线句说知道它们总是在那里使你感觉更好，因此判断A(因为它们总是在那里)是答案。

　　2. Which of the following statements is true about uniformed rangers(护林员)?

　　A. they take tourists to national parks.

　　B. they always act as tourist guides

　　C. they help set up new national parks

　　D. they protect the national park system

　　2.D. 分析：利用题干中的uniformed rangers(护林员)作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：Uniformed rangers, the most visible representatives of the service, not only offer park visitors a friendly wave, a helpful answer, or a thought provoking history lesson, but also are skilled rescuers, firefighters, and dedicated resource protection professionals. 该句提到穿着统一制服的护林员是娴熟的救护者，森林救火员，是专职的保护者。因此判断D是答案。

　　3. The Park Service does all of the following EXCEPT

　　A. offering help to visitors.

　　B. molding the Nation

　　C. keeping people better informed of the National Park System

　　D. helping preserve the cultural heritage.

　　3.B. 利用题干中的Park Service作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：The care and preservation for future generations of these special places is entrusted to the National Park Service. Uniformed rangers, the most visible representatives of the service, not only offer park visitors a friendly wave, a helpful answer(与A一致), or a thought provoking history lesson(与C一致), but also are skilled rescuers, firefighters, and dedicated resource protection professionals.

　　4. What is this passage about?

　　A. it is about the American National Park

　　B. It is about the National Park Service

　　C. it is about the National Park Service partnerships.

　　D. It is about the care and preservation of the National Parks in America

　　4.B. 分析：该题问及文章主题，借助文章的中心词(文章标题)的提示判断B是答案。

　　5. What will the paragraph following this passage most probably discuss?

　　A. the pocket parks in America.

　　B. the preparations made for the celebration of National Park Week 1996.

　　C. the work that has been done by the partners.

　　D. the preservations of national resources in America

　　5. C。分析：问题问接下来的段落可能谈什么，注意文章最后一段的内容。最后一段是一句话(National Park Week 1996 is a celebration of these partnerships)，其含义是1996年的国家公园周是对这些合作关系达成进行的专门庆典，而前一段的段首句引出新信息，谈到合作关系的建立，因此判断后文中继续谈到这些合作者所做的工作是最可能的。