可数名词和不可数名词
表示某一事物,有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。
强调:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断,以免受误导。
1、可数名词如何变复数形式:
a.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds;
读音:清辅音后读[s],浊辅音和元音后读[z]。
b.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches;
读音:[iz]。
c.以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries;
读音:[z]。
d.以f或fe结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives ,thief-thieves
读音:[z]。
e.以o结尾的词,分两种情况
1)有生命的+es 读音:[z] 如:mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes
2) 无生命的+s 读音:[z] 如:photo-photos radio-radios
f. 不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
2、不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量,就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上量词+of。
例如:a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice
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