为了避免重复,句子,中某些部分常可省略。句子常可省略的有下列各部分:
1)省掉主语(多限于少数现成说法)
Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。
See you tomorrow.明天见。
2)省掉谓语动词和表语等
a)省掉谓语动词
Some of us study Russian,others English.我们有的学俄语,有的学英语。(others后省掉study)
He got up earlier than I today.他今天起得比我早。(I后省掉got up)
On the right hand of Tiananmen Square stands the Great Hall of the People,and on the left,the Museum of
Chinese history ***广场的右边是人民大会堂,左边是中国历史博物馆。
(On the left后省掉stands)
b)省掉连系动词
Ma Lin is a bus-driver,his wife a conductor.马林是女共汽车司机,他的妻子是售票员。(his wife后省掉is)
His face is tanned and his hands big and strong.他的脸晒得很黑,他的双手大而有力。(hands后省掉are)
Gold is more expensive than silver.金子比银子更贵重。(silver后省掉is)
She is as tall as I.她和我一般高。(I后省掉am)
Are you ready? -Yes,I am.你准备好了吗?是,准备好了。(am后省掉ready)
3)同时省掉句子几个部分有时好几个句子成分都被省掉,特别在表示比较的状语从句中,在对疑问句的简略回答中,以及在反意疑
问句或选择疑问句中。如:
In winter it is colder in Beijing than in Guangzhou.北京的冬天比广州冷。(than后省略 it is)
She pledged herself to complete her fathers unfinished task,whatever the cost.她立誓不管付出多大代价,也要完成
她父亲未完成的事业。(the cost之后省略主语和谓语动词it was)
When did you read the play?Long age.(= I read it long ago.)你什么时候读的这个剧本?很久以前。
Have you ever been to xinjiang? Never.(= I have never been there.)你到过新疆吗?从来没有。
You are a repair worker,arent you?(=arent you a repair worker?)你是修理工,不是吗?
Has he gone or not?(= Has he gone or has he not gone?)他走了没有?
[注一]在if, when,though,as,as if(好像)等连词引导的从句中,如果从句中的主要动词是be,可以将主语和动词be省掉。
如:When you do this exercise,make changes in the sentence structure when (if) necessary.做这个练习时,必要时可以改动
句子结构。(when或it之后省掉it is)
He is very good at painting,though very young.(= though he is very young)他虽然年纪很轻,但很会画画。
The boy looked as if afraid of nothing( = as if he were afraid of nothing)那男孩看来好像什么都不怕。
上述例句中的省略从句,除if (when) necessary等成语外,其主语均须和主句的主语相同。
[注二]在下面的句子中,动词不定式符号to的后面省去了动词原形及其以后的部分。如:
You may go with them if you want to.你愿意的话,也可以和他们一起去。(to后省去go with them)
Will you be able to come? -Id love to. But Im busy.你来吗?我倒很想来,可是我现在有事。(to后省去come)
上一篇: 分词的用法
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Diabetes warning and Queen at 90 糖尿病激增引忧, 英国女王90岁生日
Clash 和 crash 之间的区别
Delhi's pollution and South Africa's solar power 新德里环境污染,南非发展太阳能
Teenager, adolescent, kid and child 英语中“孩子”的几种说法
Russian athletes and friendly robots 俄罗斯运动员服用兴奋剂,“合作机器人”
Simple, innocent, naive, pure 四个近义词的区别
Brexit and Hockney's art 英国脱欧公投后进展,大卫·霍克尼艺术展
Acknowledge and admit 两个表示“承认”单词的区别
Zika virus, Rare whale filmed in Australia 寨卡病毒传播风险,澳大利亚拍到罕见鲸鱼影像
Zuma in court and stressed horses 南非总统受审和马的精神压力
Battery risk, Farmer anti-theft solution 纽扣电池的潜在危险,牧场主防盗有术
India's sewer workers and British school standards 印度下水道工人施工安全,英国在校生学习成绩下降
Antibiotics and escalator etiquette 美国人过多使用抗生素,伦敦地铁扶梯礼仪
In one ear and out the other 左耳进,右耳出
US-Cuba flights and male cosmetic surgery 美国-古巴复航和男性整容手术
Chelsea doctor and surfing in Australia 切尔西队医与球队和解,澳大利亚冲浪
Solar superpower, female commander and hospital demolished 太阳能超级大国,女海军司令官和著名医院化为废墟
Distinct 和 distinctive 之间的区别
World's longest tunnel and a strange kind of race 世界最长铁路隧道,扛羊毛袋比赛
Alligator takes boy and Tate Modern extension 鳄鱼拖走小男孩,泰特现代美术馆扩建完工
Afghanistan, cancer and athletics boss 英美支持阿富汗政府军,癌症发病原因, 国际田联官员停职
Dangerous heartbeat, Spike Lee and the Oscars 危险的心跳,斯派克·李抵制奥斯卡
Ebola outbreak and brain injuries 埃博拉疫情,脑部创伤
Ditch 和 abandon 之间的区别
The cost of protecting the environment, Juno space probe 保护环境付出的代价,“朱诺”木星探测器
Zika virus and the A4 waist challenge 寨卡病毒,“A4腰挑战”
Art and football 海底发现文物,莱斯特城足球俱乐部曼谷庆功
EU after Brexit, human ancestor mystery 英脱欧公投后的欧盟,人类祖先之谜新发现
Take part in, join in, participate, attend 四个表示“参加”的单词或短语