英语的句式多彩多姿,同一个意思可以透过不同句型反映出来。
现在让我们看看两种出现率很高的句式,即条件句和让步句。
英语条件句可以下列5种方式进行:
㈠由条件副词分句表达,如:
① If you go out in the rain, you will get wet.
② Unless a person tries hard, he wont succeed.
③ In case I forget about the meeting, please remind me.
④ He will be allowed to do it on condition that he abides by all the rules and regulations.
条件副词分句里的连词if,在某些情况下可以省略,但句子要倒装,如:
⑤ Should it rain tomorrow/ If it should rain tomorrow, I shall not go out.
⑥ Had you worked harder/ If you had worked harder, you would have made it.
㈡由复合介词in case of/ in the event of引导的条件副词词组表达,如:
⑦ In case of fire, call the fire brigade.
⑧ In the event of an emergency, call up the police.
㈢由连词supposing/ provided引荐的分句表达,如:
⑨ Supposing (that) the matter was true, what would you say ?
⑩ I will lend you my car provided (that) you take good care of it.
㈣由but for/ but that引荐的词组或分句表达,如:
● But for your timely help, we would have been in hot water.
● But that Tom is sick, he would be here today.
㈤由祈使句表达,如:
● Work hard and you will succeed.
现在来看看让步句的表达法。
⑴由让步副词分句表达,如:
● Although he is rich, he is not happy.
● Though Jim is learned, he lacks experience.
⑵由副词however构成的分句表达,如:
● However hard you may try, you will not get the job.
● We will have to finish the job, however long it takes.
⑶ 由代名词whatever/ whoever等表达,如:
● Some students refused to work whatever the teacher might say.
● She wont care whoever he is.
⑷由介词despite或复合介词in spite of引荐的让步副词词组表达,如:
● Despite being tired, some students went on studying until late at night.
● In spite of illness, David came to work.
⑸通过no matter how/ no matter what所构成的分句表达,如:
● No matter how cold it is, Helen always goes swimming.
● No matter what they did, their boss was not pleased.
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