大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1) 规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。
构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词未尾加-er,-est tall taller tallest 以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice nicer nicest 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est big bigger biggest 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加-er,-est busy busier busiest 少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er,-est clever/narrow cleverer/ narrower cleverest/ narrowest 其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级 important/ easily more important/ more easily most important/ most easily2) 不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级 good better best well(健康的) worse worst bad ill(有病的) old older/elder oldest/eldest much/many more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest
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