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■ 过去分词表示一种被动关系，同时表示动作已经发生：
There is nothing written on it.
上面没写东西。
There were ten people killed in the accident.
事故中有10人丧生。
■ 有时过去分词也可表示一种状态(可转换成被动结构)：
There were some old men seated (=who were seated) in the back.
有些老人坐在后面。
There is a red car parked (=which is parked) outside the house.
房子外边停着一辆红色汽车。