全面回顾被动语态(五)
七、被动语态与系表结构的区别
当be+过去分词作被动语态时表示主语承受的动作;作系表结构时表示主语的特点或所处的状态时,be后面的过去分词是表语,相当于形容词。其区分办法如下:
1.如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者,该句一般为被动语态,否则为系表结构。
例The glass is broken. (系表结构)
The glass was broken by the boy. (被动语态)
2.如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时,一般为被动语态。
例The door is locked. (系表结构)
The door has already/just been locked.(被动语态)
3.被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外,还可以用于其他各种时态,而系表结构中的系动词be只有一般时态和完成时态。
例 The machine is being repaired.
八、被动语态与高考试题赏析
1. 高考对谓语动词语态的考查例析
1). In some parts of the world, tea ___ with milk and sugar. (NMET1993)
A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served
解析 B 因为serve是及物动词,其动作承受者tea作主语,表示经常发生的情况,故用一般现在时的被动语态。
2). This is Teds phone. We miss him a lot. He ___ trying to save a child in the earthquake.(NMET2002)
A. killed B. is killed
C. was killed D. was killing
解析 C Ted是kill的承受者,用被动语态,且Ted救人发生在过去,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
3). ---- Have you moved into the new house?
---- Not yet, the rooms _____. (NMET1991) A. are being painted B. are painting
C. are painted D. are being painting
解析 A house和paint应该是被动的关系,排除B,D。后者未搬进新居的原因是房子正在油漆,所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。不能用一般现在时表示习惯性动作,排除C。
4). When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ___ yet. (上海春2003)
A. are not decided B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided D. has not been decided
解析 D decide是及物动词,动作的发出者通常是人,句中的主语是动作的承受者,所以decide要用被动语态。从题干的语境和关键词yet,可判断用现在完成时,不定式做主语用单数,故用现在完成时的被动语态。
5). The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets ___.(上海春2001)
A. was booked B. had been booked
C. were booked D. have been booked
解析 B 句中tickets是book(订票)的承受者,主谓为被动关系,又因票已被订出应发生在entered the office这个过去动作之前,所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。
2.高考对非谓语动词语态的考查
当非谓语动词的逻辑主语为动作的承受者时, 须用被动式。弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的执行与承受关系是掌握非谓语动词语态的关键。
1). Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ___ whether they will enjoy it. (NMET2002)
A. to see B. to be seen
C. seeing D. seen
解析 B 根据题意,那对老夫妇是否到国外旅行是将来的动作,应使用不定式,故排除掉C、D两项;又因remains的逻辑主语it是动词see说表示动作的承受者,即到国外旅行这件事,这件事有待于被决定,应使用动词不定式的被动形式。
2). While shopping, people sometimes cant help ___ into buying something they dont really need. (上海1996)
A. to persuaded B. persuading
C. being persuaded D. be persuaded
解析 C cant help doing 禁不住做某事,排除A和D;顾客应是被劝说购物的,要用动名词的被动语态。
3). I feel it is your husband who ___ for the spoiled child. (上海2002)
A. is to blame B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed D. should blame
解析 A feel的宾语从句为强调句型,在be to do结构中,在某些场合可用不定式的主动语态表示被动语态,如to blame, to let等。
上一篇: 高中英语语法-学习外语的十条经验
下一篇: 高中英语语法-全面回顾被动语态(四)
2017届高考英语一轮复习考点真题演练:Section 14 完形填空之议论文(含解析)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修1 1.1《challenging yourself》Ⅰ《how to improve your study habits》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修4 4.6 unit6《poems and poets》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习考点真题演练:Section 12 阅读理解之广告信息类(含解析)
2017届高考英语一轮复习考点真题演练:Section 12 阅读理解之史地常识类(含解析)
2017届高考英语一轮复习分课测试:必修4 Unit1《women of achievement》(新人教版含答案)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修4 4.1《challenging yourself》Ⅰ《exploring the wonders》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习分课测试:必修3 Unit4《astronomy: the science of the stars》(新人教版含答案)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修2 2.4 unit4《unforgettable films》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习考点真题演练:Section 14 完形填空之说明文(含解析)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修3 3.1 unit1《hope and love》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修3 3.1《challenging yourself》Ⅰ《wise outlook》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修2 2.3 unit3《powerful music》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习考点真题演练:Section 14 完形填空之记叙文(含解析)
2017届高考英语一轮复习考点真题演练:Section 12 阅读理解之轶事趣闻类(含解析)
2017届高考英语一轮复习考点真题演练:Section 14 完形填空之夹叙夹议文(含解析)
2017届高考英语一轮复习分课测试:必修3 Unit3《the million pound bank note》(新人教版含答案)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修1 1.3 unit3《favourite teachers》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修3 3.2《challenging yourself》Ⅱ《knowing about festivals》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修4 4.3 unit3《plants》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修4 4.3《challenging yourself ⅲ drama》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习考点真题演练:Section 12 阅读理解之社会生活类(含解析)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修2 2.1 unit1《friends and friendship》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习分课测试:必修3 Unit5《canada-“the true north”》(新人教版含答案)
2017届高考英语一轮复习考点真题演练:Section 12 阅读理解之时闻报道类(含解析)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修1 1.2 unit2《being a good language learner》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修4 4.1 unit1《places of interest》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修2 2.3《challenging yourself ⅲ keeping healthy》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修2 2.1《challenging yourself》Ⅰ《love for parents》(重大版)
2017届高考英语一轮复习全册课件:必修3 3.3《challenging yourself ⅲ hope for life》(重大版)