It用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解(1)
It 用法及其句型和固定搭配,是高中英语语法的重点、难点,又是近几年高考的热点,因此应给予充分的重视,现将it用法归纳如下:
一、It用作实词
表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物,前文中的this,that;替代前文中的内容;指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事;指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象
二、It用作形式主语
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It 作形式主语的常见句型:
1. 代作主语的动词不定式,其句型为
(1)It be adj.(for sb.)to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词:easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,right,wrong,important,unimportant,legal,illegal,well-mannered,ill-mannered,polite,impolite,clear,obvious,certain,suitable,proper,fit,useful,useless,dangerous
例 It is illegal(for a teenager)to drive a car without a license.
(2)It be adj. of sb. to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词:kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,thoughtless,careful,careless,silly,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy.
例 It's kind of you to help me with the problem.
(3)It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型
It's no good/use doing
It's(well)worth doing
It's(well)worth one's while doing/to do
It's(well)worth while doing/ to do
例 It's no use crying over spilt milk.
2. It替代作主语的从句常见句型
(1)It is + noun +从句
例 It is no secret that the president wants to have a second term at office.
(2)It is adj. +clause
It's surprising that(should) 竟然
It's a pity/shame that(should) 竟然
例 It's important that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.(=It's of much importance that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.)
(3)It verb sb. + clause= It is v-ing + clause
It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze
/bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb. that
例 It worried me that she drove so fast.(= It was worrying that she drove so fast.)
(4)It verb(to sb.)that= sb/sth verb to do
(verb = appear,seem,come about,emerge,follow,chance,happen,occur,transpire,turn out ,work out)
例 It(so)happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.)
(5)It is v-ed that=sb/sth is to do
(verb=say,report,think,believe,hope,expect,agree,accept,decide,determine,intend,plan,understand,know)
例 It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.)
(6)It is v-ed that (should)
(verb=demand,request,require,order,suggest,advise,recommend
例 It is suggested that they should begin with the third question.[1][2][3]