1、从阅读习惯上讲,单纯以学习英语为目的的阅读和以获取信息为目的的阅读存在很大差异。前者是一个语言知识积累的过程,后者是以语言知识和能力为工具达到获取有用信息的过程。雅思阅读强调把握重点信息的能力,所以要培养上述第二种习惯。很多同学在参加雅思考试之前,都只是把英语当成一个学习的对象,而未能上升到把英语作为工具来使用的阶段。所以,在阅读过程中,往往陷入逐字逐句的意思理解和语法分析,依然保持学英语的习惯。没有去识别重点信息的主观意图,当然就谈不上习惯不习惯,更谈不上把握重点信息的能力。
2、养成习惯的第一步,首先要确立以把握信息为目的的主观意图。刚开始时不要怕慢,不是去完整地理解句子的意思,而是刻意的猜测句子在段落中的功能。以下面一段文字为例:
Care needs to be taken with religious items. There have been a number of incidents over the years involving foreigners that have drawn a strong reaction from an offended government and people - for example, the family of tourists who foolishly clambered all over a revered Buddha statue. When buying an object, it is important to distinguish between the objects aestheitc appeal and its religious significance. Representations of the Buddha, for example, must be placed at ....
句当中的needs to be taken 表示需要、应该,显然是作者的态度和观点,当表示态度或观点的句子出现在段首,通常是topic sentence , 重点信息。
句There be 句型表事实,事实跟在观点后,毫无疑问是充当论据的角色。句子中的核心名词 incidents 是复数,表示这个句子对下文具有结构性功能,下文会就论据进行细节性列举。
句it is important to do 表示作者对某个事情的认知和判断,出现在两个 for example 中间,是一个细分的判断。
句中的for example,表明它是个细节性的论据。
对重点信息的识别,往往不需要理解太多的词汇的意思就可以做到。
3、习惯的养成需要一个过程,这个过程时间上可以缩短。可以找一些段落刻意的去分析,开始时会很慢,甚至比你搞清全部的细节意思还要慢。但是,经过一段时间的操练,就会收到意想不到的效果。
4、下面给大家一些重点信息的线索:a. 判断句在段首、b. 强调句在段尾、c. 祈使句在段首、d. But, However, 等转折词后的句子、 e. for example前的句子、 f. 问号后的句子、g. 表观点的句子永远比表事实的句子重要、h. 段落以细节信息开头,看段落的最后一句话。等等。
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