雅思阅读:单词常见后缀总结
1. 名词后缀
具有某种职业或动作的人
1)-an, -ain, 表示地方的人,精通的人American, historian,
2)-al, 表示具有职务的人 principal,
3)-ant,-ent, 表示者 merchant, agent, servant, student,
4)-ar, 表示的人 scholar, liar, peddler
5)-ard, -art, 表示做的人coward, laggard, braggart
6)-arian, 表示派别的人, 主义的人humanitarian, vegetarian
7)-ary, 表示从事的人 secretary, missionary
8)-ant, 表示具有职责的人 candidate, graduate
9)-ator, 表示做的人 educator, speculator
10)-crat, 表示某种政体,主义的支持者 democrat, bureaucrat
11)-ee, 表示动作承受者 employee, examinee
12)-eer, 表示从事于人 engineer, volunteer
13)-er, 表示从事某种职业的人, 某地区,地方的人 banker, observer, Londoner, villager
14)-ese, 表示 国人,..地方的人Japanese, Cantonese
15)-ess, 表示阴性人称名词, actress, hostess, manageress
16)-eur, 表示家 amateur, littrateur
17)-ian, 表示地方人,信仰.教的人,从事职业的人Christian, physician,musician
18)-ician, 表示精通者, 家,electrician, magician, technician
19)-icist, 表示家, .者, .能手physicist, phoneticist, technicist
20)-ic, 表示者,师 mechanic, critic
21)-ie, 表示爱,指小 dearie, auntie, lassie
22)-ier, 表示从事职业 cavalier, clothier, brazier
23)-ine, ian, 表示阴性人称 heroine, ballerina
24)-ist, 表示从事研究者,信仰主义者 pianist, communist, dentist, artist, chemist
25)-ive, 表示动作者,行为者 native, captive
26)-logist, 表示学家,研究者 biologist, geologist
27)-or, 表示者 author, doctor, operator,
28)-ster, 表示做.事情的人youngster, gamester,songster
29)-yer, 表示 从事职业者 lawyer
. 构成,具有抽象名词的含义
1)-acy, 表示性质,状态,境遇 accuracy, diplomacy
2)-age, 表示状态,行为,身份及其结果,总称 courage, storage, marriage
3)-al, a) 表示事物的动作,过程refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approval
b) 表示具体的事物manual, signal, editorial, journal
4)-ance, -ence表示性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度 endurance, importance, diligence, difference, obedience
5)-ancy, -ency, 表示性质,状态,行为,过程 frequency, urgency, efficiency,
6)-bility, 表示动作,性质,状态 possibility, feasibility,
7)-craft, 表示工艺,技巧 woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft
8)-cracy, 表示统治,支配 bureaucracy, democracy
9)-cy, 表示性质,状态,职位,级别 bankruptcy,supremacy
10)-dom, 表示等级,领域,状态 freedom, kingdom, wisdom
11)-ery, -ry, 表示行为,状态,习性 bravery, bribery, rivalry
12)-ety, 表示性质,状态 variety, dubiety
13)-faction, -facture, 表示作成,化,作用 satisfaction, manufacture
14)-hood, 表示资格,身份, 年纪,状态 childhood, manhood, falsehood
15)-ice, 表示行为,性质,状态 notice, justice, service
16)-ine, 表示带有抽象概念 medicine, discipline, famine
17)-ing, 表示动作的过程,结果 building, writing, learning
18)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示行为的过程,结果,状况 action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction
19)-ise, 表示性质,状态 exercise, merchandise
20)-ism, 表示制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为 socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism
21)-ity, 表示性质,状态,程度 purity, reality, ability, calamity
22)-ment, 表示行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument
23)-mony, 表示动作的结果,状态 ceremony, testimony
24)-ness, 表示性质,状态,程度 goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness
25)-or, -our, 表示动作,性质,状态 favor, error,
26)-osity, 表示动作,状态 curiosity
27)-ship, 表示情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业 hardship, membership, friendship
28)-th, 表示动作,性质,过程,状态 depth, wealth, truth, length, growth
29)-tude, 表示性质,状态,程度 latitude, altitude
30)-ure, 表示行为,结果 exposure, pressure, failure, procedure,
31)-y, 表示行为的结果,状态,性质 glory, history, victory, inquiry
带有场所,地方的含义
1)-age, 表示住所,地点 village, cottage
2)-ary, 表示住所,场地 library, granary
3)-ery, ry, 表示工作场所,饲养所,地点 laundry, nursery, surgery
4)-ory, 表示工作场所,住处 factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory
带有学术,科技含义
1)-grapy, 表示学,写法 biography, calligraphy, geography
2)-ic, ics, 表示学法 logic, mechanics, optics, electronics
3)-ology, 表示学论biology, zoology, technology
4)-nomy, 表示学术 astronomy, economy, bionomy
5)-ery, 表示学科,技术 chemistry, cookery, machinery
6)-y, 表示学,术,法 photography, philosophy
表示人和事物的总和,集合含义
1)-age, baggage, tonnage
2)-dom, newspaperdom
3)-hood, neighbourhood, womanhood
4)-ery, cavalry, ministry
5)-ure, legislature, judicature
表示物品和物质名称的含义
1)-ant, ent, solvent, constant
2)-al, signal, pictorial
3)ar, collar, pillar
4)- er, boiler, computer, washer, cooker
5)-ery, drapery
6)-ing, clothing, matting,
7)-ment, instrument, equipment, attachment
表示细小的含义
1)-cle, particle,
2)-cule, molecule
3)-el, parcel
4)-en, chicken, maiden
5)-et, pocket, ticket
6)-etta, -ette, etto, cigarette, essayette
7)-kin, napkin
8)-ling, duckling,
9)-let, booklet
10)-y, baby, doggy
2. 形容词后缀
带有属性,倾向,相关的含义
1)-able, -ible, movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible
2)-al, natural, additional, educational
3)-an, ane, urban, suburban, republican
4)-ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent
5)-ar, similar, popular, regular
6)-ary, military, voluntary
7)-ice, -atie, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical,
8)-ine, masculine, feminine, marine
9)-ing, moving, touching, daring
10)-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish
11)-ive, active, impressive, decisive
12)-ory, satisfactory, compulsory
13)-il, -ile, -eel, fragile, genteel
表示相象,类似的含义
1)-ish, boyish, childish
2)-esque, picturesque
3)-like, manlike, childlike
4)-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly
5)-some, troublesome, handsome
6)-y, milky, pasty
表示充分的含义
1)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful
2)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various
3)-ent, violent,
表示由某种物质形成,制成或生产的含义
1)-en, wooden, golden, woolen
2)-ous, gaseous
3)-fic, scientific
表示方向的含义
1)-ern, eastern, western
2)-ward, downward, forward
表示倍数的含义
1)-ble, double, treble
2)ple, triple
3)-fold, twofold, tenfold
表示数量关系的含义
1)-teen, thirteen
2)-ty, fifty
3)-th, fourth, fiftieth
表示国籍,语种,宗教的含义
1)-an, Roman, European
2)-ese, Chinese,
3)-ish, English, Spanish
表示比较程度的含义
1)-er, greater
2)-ish, reddish, yellowish
3)-est, highest
4)-most, foremost, topmost
其他的含义
-less, 表示否定,countless, stainless, wireless
3. 动词后缀
1)-ize, ise, 表示做成,变成,化modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize
2)-en, 表示使成为,引起,使有 quicken, weaken, soften, harden
3)-fy, 表示使化, 使成beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify
4)-ish, 表示使,令 finish, abolish, diminish, establish
5)-ate, 表示成为,处理,作用 separate, operate, indicate
4. 副词后缀
1)-ly, possibly, swiftly, sim
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