猜测词义
1、词汇线索：前缀、后缀、词干
e.g. Most flags have a compact， rectangular shape and instinct visual symbolism. Their strong colors and geometric patterns are usually instantly recognizable even if miniaturized to less than a square centimeter.
The word miniaturized in the passage is closest in meaning to _____.
A. publicized
B. colored
C. made brighter
D. made smaller
2. 结构线索
1)定义
e.g. The Celtic religion centered on the worship of a pantheon of nature deities. Their religious ceremonies included animal sacrifices and various forms of magic. Druids were the priests who led the people in this highly ritualistic worship
The word Druids in the passage is closest in meaning to _____.
A. deities
B. ceremonies
C. sacrifices
D. priests
2)同义词/解释
e.g. In accordance with many psychologist， phobias， or irrational fears represent， are symbolic of repressed anxiety.
The word phobia in the passage is closest in meaning to _____.
A. psychologist
B. fear
C. symbol
D. treatment
3)同位语
e.g. It is believed to have originated among the Egyptians， probably before 4000B.C.， and was used by them for more than 30 centuries. Seventeenth-century attempts to preserve anatomical specimens brought about modern techniques of embalming， the preservation of the body tissue after death by artificial chemical means.
The word embalming in the passage is closest in meaning to _____.
A. death by a chemical means
B. the preservation of body tissue
C. a common agent related to formaldehyde
D. the replacement of body fluids
4)从句
e.g. The Pueblo Indians are those who dwell in pueblos， a name derived from the Spanish word for village. The pueblo is usually built against the face of a cliff and generally consists of connected houses rising in a series of receding terraces. The roof of one house is the yard or patio of the next house. The kiva， where Pueblo Indians hold their secret ceremonies， is entered by an opening in the roof
The word kiva in the passage is closest in meaning to _____.
A. patio
B. ceremonial room
C. series of terraces
D. Pueblo Indian village