讲这个问题前先看看一个老师对一个句子的讲解和分析。
剑5Test 1的第二篇阅读中间有一个句子(21页F段4行至8行):A modern hard-core sociobiologist might even go so far as to claim that this aggressive instinct evolved as an advantageous trait, having been of survival value to our ancestors in their struggle against the hardships of life on the plains and in the caves, ultimately finding its way into our genetic make-up as a remnant of our ancient animal ways. 这个句子也快要达到5行的长度,但仔细研究会发现:modern和hard-core都是对sociobiologist的修饰;紧接着后面实际上是so as的结构;that引导的宾语从句之中,having和finding显然是现在分词作为状语,其逻辑主语依然是宾语从句中的主语instinct。单独如果写一个句子Being a vegetarian, she does not eat any meat. ,应该许多考生在理解上都没有问题;但是上述句子中本身结构就已经很复杂,最后还是两个现在分词并列,就未必所有考生都能一次看懂了。
以上为一个老师对一个所谓难句的分析,我在一些词下面加了下划线。这位老师在分析这个句子的时候初衷是好的,就是希望同学们能在阅读难句的时候分清主谓宾,理顺句子结构。但这种分析是没有太大实战意义的,原因就是你能分析出来是因为你是老师,你语法好,你凶悍,而学生我语法就不好,不够凶悍,怎么办?你想想,上面那些黑体词都是怎样的专业术语啊,听上去就非常可怕和无聊。而且,在正式考试过程中这么分析显然是一种奢侈,没有时间给你这么仔细研究的,we cant afford the time。更危险的是,到了雅思考试的阶段如果还只强调这种句子分析法是完全不能符合雅思的阅读要求的,这种分析法不是真正的阅读,真正的阅读要求我们关注的是句子背后的意思,而不是外在的形式。
其实不管什么语言真正的阅读理解都应该是是忽略形式,直奔意思。快速一遍读懂其意思是我们的理想并应该为之努力的方向。太多的同学在句子分析上浪费了太多时间,导致其重视形式而忽略了阅读的真正目的:读懂意思,获得信息。这句话听上去似乎很简单,但意义却不简单。很多事情,包括阅读,当你去寻求意义时,就会忽略其形式。同样的道理:太在乎形式,就失去了意义。就英语考试而言,中国考试偏向考形式(词汇语法),国外考试偏向考意义(语言能力language aptitude)。这就是雅思考试和国内
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