中国社会科学院副院长蔡昉10日表示,中国的全要素生产率正在呈现持续下滑态势,并将在“十三五”时期进一步降为2.7%。
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China should take actions to cope with its falling total factor productivity (TFP), a senior expert with a government think tank said Sunday.
1月10日,政府智囊团的一位资深专家表示,中国应采取措施应对全要素生产率下滑态势。
全要素生产率(total factor productivity,TFP),也称总和要素生产率,是各种要素投入水平既定的条件下,所达到的额外生产效率,是分析经济增长源泉的重要因素。经济增长、人均收入和财富水平提高最终要依赖全要素生产率的提高。
中国社会科学院副院长蔡昉在第七届中国经济前瞻论坛上说,在人口红利(demographic dividend)消失以后,中国经济增长要寻找新动力。目前,我国全要素生产率增速呈现下行趋势,他预测全要素生产率“十三五”时期会下降到2.7%。
他指出,要通过四方面措施进行调整:改革户籍制度(reform household registration system);大力推进教育改革,把义务教育扩大到更大范围(expand compulsory education to more people),提高劳动力的质量(increase the quality of labor force);解决各个领域的产能过剩(overcapacity)问题,进一步降低杠杆率(leverage ratios);创造好的制度条件、政策环境,让企业能够自由进入,并让那些不再有生产力提高潜力和没有竞争力的企业退出(create a policy environment where promising enterprises can easily enter the market and non-competitive ones are forced to exit)。
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