近几年来,社会融资渠道飞速增长,由此带来的信用风险等问题层出不穷。为更加有效地防范这些问题带来的风险,日前,央行再次甩出新词汇,发布“宏观审慎评估体系”。
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China's central bank said on Tuesday it will introduce a Macro Prudential Assessment system in 2016 to replace the current scheme of dynamic adjustment in bank reserves.
29日,央行表示2016年将引入“宏观审慎评估体系”代替现有的准备金动态调整机制。
宏观审慎评估体系(Macro Prudential Assessment,MPA)的核心,是从宏观的、逆周期的视角采取措施,防范由金融体系顺周期波动和跨部门传染导致的系统性风险(systematic risk),维护货币和金融体系的稳定。
MPA体系将重点考虑资本和杠杆情况、资产负债情况(balance sheet))、流动性、定价行为(pricing behavior)、资产质量(asset quality)、外债风险(foreign debt risk)、信贷政策执行等七大方面,其中资本充足率(capital adequacy ratio)是评估体系的核心。
MPA关注广义信贷,将债券投资(investment in bonds)、股权及其他投资、买入返售(buybacks of the financial assets sold)等纳入其中,以引导金融机构减少各类腾挪资产、规避信贷调控的做法(prevent them from transferring their assets to evade credit control)。
总体来看,MPA体系的建立,有助于提升监管机构间的协调效率,更好地降低社会融资成本(cut financing costs),提高货币政策向实体经济的传导效果,同时更有力的防范系统性金融风险。
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