希腊总理接受860亿欧元救助方案

Greek prime minister Alexis Tsipras returned toAthens yesterday facing a rebellion within his owngovernment after he accepted the most intrusive programme ever mounted by the EU as theprice for a new 86bn bailout to keep Greece in the eurozone.

希腊总理亚历克西斯•齐普拉斯(Alexis Tsipras，见上图)昨日返回希腊。作为新获得860亿欧元救助资金以让希腊留在欧元区的代价，他接受了欧盟(EU)有史以来提出的干预性最强的计划，这使他在自己的政府内面临造反。

Mr Tsipras was set to rely on opposition support to pass a swath of economic reformmeasures by tomorrow’s EU-imposed deadline or face bankruptcy, as a growing number offar-left MPs voiced opposition to the deal, Greece’s third bailout in five years. The ruling Syrizaparty’s extremist Left Platform called it a “humiliation of Greece.

这是希腊5年内的第三次救助方案，越来越多极左翼议员表示反对该协议，齐普拉斯要依靠反对派的支持，以在欧盟设定的最后期限(本周三)内通过一系列经济改革措施，否则希腊将面临破产。执政党激进左翼联盟(Syriza)中的激进派Left Platform称该协议是“希腊的耻辱。

The leader of the Independent Greeks, the rightwing coalition partner, also said that his partycould not agree to the accord, calling it a “coup by Germany and its hardline eurozone allies.

作为激进左翼联盟的联盟伙伴，右翼的“独立希腊人(Independent Greeks)的领袖同样也表示，他所属的政党不可能同意这项协议，称其为“德国(及其强硬的欧元区盟国)发起的偷袭。

The agreement eased the greatest crisis facing the EU and its eurozone core, fending off atleast for now Greece’s exit from the single currency.

这项协议缓解了欧盟和欧元区核心国面临的最大危机，至少暂时阻止了希腊退出单一货币。

But the deal was reached only after a fraught 17-hour summit of eurozone leaders thatpitched Mr Tsipras against German chancellor Angela Merkel. Officials said that “Grexit appearedimminent near 6am on Monday, when both prepared to walk away from talks, convinced thatno deal was possible.

但这项协议是在欧元区各国领导人进行了充满焦虑的17个小时的峰会后才达成的，齐普拉斯和德国总理安格拉•默克尔(Angela Merkel)在会上针锋相对。官员们表示，周一早上近6点的时候，“希腊退欧似乎即将成为现实，齐普拉斯和默克尔都准备离开谈判桌，认为根本不可能达成任何协议。

Instead, they agreed terms that a diplomat from one German-allied country likened to turningGreece into an economic protectorate, including a plan to place the country’s most valuablepublicly owned assets into a 50bn privatisation fund supervised by the EU.

不过，他们最终达成了协议。一位德国盟国的外交官称他们商定的条款将希腊变成了一个经济受保护国。条款包括将希腊一些最具价值的公共资产，纳入一只500亿欧元的私有化基金，该基金由欧盟监管。

Mr Tsipras accepted plans for a high level of domestic economic supervision by the bailoutmonitors, including the IMF, and a public administration overhaul overseen by Brussels.

齐普拉斯接受了由包括国际货币基金组织(IMF)在内的救助方案监督者对希腊国内经济进行高级别监督，以及由欧盟监督希腊进行公共行政全面改革的计划。

He must also implement a list of economic pledges — including an overhaul of the country’svalue added tax system and sweeping pension reforms — by tomorrow as a precondition forformal negotiations this week on a financing package to stave off the bankruptcy of the fast-deteriorating economy.

本周三结束之前，齐普拉斯还必须通过一系列经济承诺——包括彻底改革该国增值税体制，全面改革养老金——这是在本周对一揽子融资方案进行正式谈判的先决条件，该融资方案的目的是阻止希腊快速恶化的经济陷入破产。

Ms Merkel said that once Greece took steps to legislate reforms there would be an agreementthat she could “recommend with full conviction to the German parliament. French presidentFrançois Hollande said: “At some point we thought we might lose a member of the eurozone;but Europe would have retreated, we needed to succeed.

默克尔表示，一旦希腊设法对改革立法，就会有一份能够让她“充满信心地推荐给德国议会的协议。法国总统弗朗索瓦•奥朗德(François Hollande)表示：“我们一度以为我们可能会失去欧元区的一个成员，但那样欧洲将退步，我们当时必须成功。

Investors welcomed the accord, pushing stocks in Europe up by nearly 2 per cent, but therewas no euphoria, reflecting the political obstacles that still lie ahead, not least in Athens.Sovereign debt markets initially rallied before cooling later in the day.

投资者对这项协议表示欢迎，推动欧洲股市上涨了近2%，但市场并没有一种欢欣鼓舞的情绪，反映出一些政治障碍仍然摆在眼前，尤其是在希腊。主权债务市场一开始出现上扬，但在当天晚些时候回落。

Greek political leaders said the legislation was not at risk of failing because it has wide supportof mainstream opposition lawmakers. One EU official said that with Mr Tsipras’s status sounclear, eurozone ministers were likely to wait to see if he survives tomorrow’s vote beforefinalising a 7bn bridge-financing deal needed so Athens does not default on a bond owed tothe European Central Bank yesterday.

希腊政治领袖们表示，立法不存在失败风险，因为它得到了主流反对派立法者的广泛支持。一名欧盟官员表示，齐普拉斯那边的情况如此不明确，欧元区部长们很可能会静观其变，看齐普拉斯能否挺过本周三的投票，之后才会最终敲定70亿欧元的过渡性融资协议，该协议是避免希腊对欧洲央行(ECB)的债券违约所必需的。