日前,民政部等9部门印发《关于推行节地生态安葬的指导意见》,《指导意见》提出,鼓励家庭成员采用合葬方式提高单个墓位使用率。倡导骨灰撒海、撒散等不保留骨灰的安葬方式。
先来看看“合葬”怎么说?
2017年,民政部起草的《城市公益性公墓建设标准(征求意见稿)》中这样规定:
A separate tomb should cover no more than 0.5 square meter, and a multi-burial grave is designated less than 0.8 square meter.
城市公益性公墓独立墓穴的单位占地面积不得超过0.5㎡,合葬墓穴的单位占地面积不得超过0.8㎡。
此外,居民居住区500米以内严禁建设城市公益性公墓(social welfare cemeteries)。
民政部等部门还推动有条件的地方建立节地生态安葬奖补制度,生态安葬(ecological/eco-friendly burials),简称eco-burials(生态葬)。比如:
草坪葬 grassland burial
海葬sea burial
树葬 tree burial
花葬 flower burials
此外,《意见》还鼓励群众有意愿且有条件的地区,为不保留骨灰者建立统一的纪念设施,利用重要传统节日组织开展祭奠活动。
各种环境友好型祭奠方式越来越成为主流,比如:
网上祭扫 online tomb-sweeping
网络纪念馆 Internet memorial
网上葬礼 online funeral
网上悼念 online tribute
在树上系黄丝带 tie yellow ribbons to trees
折纸鹤放在瓶中 place folded paper cranes in bottles
用白菊花代替纸钱 replace zhiqian with white chrysanthemum
再来看看公墓的分类:
公益性公墓 social welfare cemeteries
经营性公墓 commercial cemetery
经济适用墓 affordable grave
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