KIGALI, March 21 -- Forty-four African countries on Wednesday signed an agreement establishing the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) in Kigali, capital city of Rwanda.
The signing took place during the 10th Extraordinary Session of the Assembly of the African Union (AU) on the AfCFTA. According to the AU, 19 African heads of state and government attended the summit.
The signed legal instruments was handed over to Chairperson of AU Commission Moussa Faki Mahamat after the signing.
The countries that signed the AfCFTA agreement include Niger, Rwanda, Chad, Angola, Kenya and Ethiopia, among others.
The agreement will be submitted for ratification by state parties of the agreement in accordance with their domestic laws.
At the opening session ahead of the signing ceremony, AU Commission Chairperson had called the day a "historic day", which marks a new step in Africa's march towards greater integration and closer unity.
"Beyond the debates about what some countries might gain or lose in the short term, the truth, statistically established, is that each of our member states and the continent as a whole will benefit immensely from the establishment of the free trade area," he said.
The AfCFTA is the culmination of a vision set forth nearly 40 years ago in the Lagos Plan of Action, adopted by African heads of state and government in 1980, said AU Chairperson and Rwanda's President Paul Kagame at the opening.
The promise of free trade and free movement is prosperity for all Africans, because Africa is prioritizing the production of value-added goods and services that are "Made in Africa," said Kagame.
The advantages Africa gains by creating one African market will also benefit our trading partners around the world, said Kagame.
Africa will also be in a better position to leverage its growing strength and unity to secure Africa's rightful interests in the international arena, said the president.
"This is not just a signing ceremony. Today's deliberations are critically important as we chart the next steps on our journey towards the Africa we want," he added.
The decision to form the AfCFTA was adopted in January 2017 during the 18th Ordinary Session of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the AU while AfCFTA negotiations were launched by the AU in 2017.
The AfCFTA is aimed at creating a single continental market for goods and services with free movement of businesses and investments. This, according to the AU, will pave the way for accelerating the establishment of the Continental Customs Union and the African Customs Union.
The AfCFTA will make Africa the largest free trade area created in terms of the number of participating countries since the formation of the World Trade Organization, according to the AU. The AfCFTA could create an African market of over 1.2 billion people with a GDP of 2.5 trillion U.S. dollars, the pan-African bloc said.
The AfCFTA will progressively eliminate tariffs on intra-African trade, making it easier for African businesses to trade within the continent and cater to and benefit from the growing African market, said the AU.
The UN Economic Commission for Africa estimates that the AfCFTA has the potential both to boost intra-African trade by 53.2 percent by eliminating import duties, and to double this trade if non-tariff barriers are also reduced.
Together with the signing of the agreement on the AfCFTA, 27 African countries also signed the Protocol to the Treaty establishing the African Economic Community on Wednesday relating to free movement of persons, right of residence and right of establishment.