美防长访华 呼吁中日保持克制

U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta called for calm amid an escalating dispute between China and Japan over a group of uninhabited islands on Monday, even as Chinese officials moved to contain anti-Japanese protests in dozens of Chinese cities following weekend violence.

在中日之间围绕一系列无人居住的小岛产生的争端不断升温之际，美国国防部长帕内塔(Leon Panetta)呼吁双方保持冷静。与此同时，继中国数十个城市上周末出现暴力行为之后，中国政府采取措施节制这些城市的反日抗议活动。

But in a reminder of the potential stakes, a major Chinese Communist Party mouthpiece warned of economic retaliation if the situation deteriorates further ─Beijing's strongest signal to date that it could consider moves that could impact $345 billion in annual trade between the two. It came as a number of Japanese companies in China closed their doors as a precaution against further violence.

但让人想起其中牵涉到的利害关系的是，中国共产党的一个主要媒体警告说，如果形势进一步恶化，中国有可能在经济上采取报复措施。这是迄今为止北京发出的最强烈暗示，即中国可能会考虑采取将影响两国间3,450亿美元年度贸易额的措施。此时，一些在华日资企业已经关门歇业，以防范新的暴力行为。

Separately, Mr. Panetta confirmed that Japan will host a second land-based x-band radar to defend against ballistic missiles, a move that U.S. officials have said is aimed at potential threats from North Korea and not at China. The announcement could complicate Mr. Panetta's visit to China beginning Monday afternoon because China has raised questions about the U.S. investment in missile defenses, arguing they could be aimed at reducing the effectiveness of Beijing's nuclear deterrent.

帕内塔在另外一个场合证实，美国将在日本领土上部署第二个用以防御弹道导弹的陆基X波段雷达。美国官员曾表示，此举针对的是朝鲜可能构成的威胁，不针对中国。部署雷达消息的宣布，可能会给帕内塔始于周一下午的访华活动带来麻烦，因为中国曾经质疑美国的导弹防御投资，称其目的可能是为了削弱北京核威慑的效力。

Mr. Panetta, who left Tokyo on Monday and arrived in Beijing late in the day, sought to delicately handle questions over the Japan-controlled islands, which are in the East China Sea and known as the Senkaku in Japan and the Diaoyu in Chinese. He emphasized America's commitment to Japan's defense but its neutral stance in territorial disputes.

帕内塔周一离开东京，当天晚间抵达北京。他措辞微妙地回答了有关钓鱼岛的提问，强调美国对日本的防卫负有责任、但在领土争端问题上持中立立常钓鱼岛位于东海，目前在日本控制之下，在日本称为尖阁列岛(Senkaku)。

'Obviously we are concerned by the demonstrations, and we are concerned by the conflict that is taking place over the Senkaku islands,' he said. 'The message I have tried to convey is we have to urge calm and restraint on all sides.'

他说，显然示威活动让我们担忧，围绕尖阁列岛发生的冲突也让我们感到关切；我一直想要传达的信息是，我们必须敦促各方保持冷静、克制。

Mr. Panetta urged China to participate in multilateral efforts to resolve territorial disputes. 'There is a danger that [with] a provocation of one kind or another, we could have a blow up,' Mr. Panetta said. 'When you play the game of who is in charge, it starts to get risky.'

帕内塔促请中国参与多边行动解决领土纠纷。他说，有一种危险在于，如果发生这样或那样的挑衅行为，可能就会出现不可收拾的局面；当各方开始玩“谁掌握主动权的游戏时，就可能带来这样的风险。

Japanese Foreign Minister Koichiro Gemba told Mr. Panetta that Tokyo was handling the situation calmly. 'We will deal with the situation in a cool-headed manner, from a broad perspective,' Mr. Gemba told Mr. Panetta in their meeting, according to a Japanese official.

日本外务大臣玄叶光一郎(Koichiro Gemba)对帕内塔说，东京正在冷静地处理局势。据一位日本官员说，玄叶光一郎在与帕内塔会晤期间表示，日本将以开阔的视野冷静地处理当前局势。

Mr. Panetta is scheduled to meet Wednesday with Vice President Xi Jinping, the man expected to become the next president of China but who until Saturday had been out of public view for a few weeks, sparking rumors about his health. The meeting is likely meant to be a sign from Beijing that China's leadership transition is on track. U.S. officials said Mr. Panetta was eager to continue his own dialogue with Mr. Xi, begun at a Pentagon meeting earlier this year.

按计划，帕内塔将于周三与中国国家副主席习近平举行会晤。外界预计，习近平将成为中国下任国家主席，上周六之前他曾有一两个星期没有出现在公众视野之中，此事曾引发了种种有关他健康状况的传言。北京可能是想借这次会晤发出信号，表明中国领导层更替正在平稳进行。美国官员说，帕内塔很希望继续展开他自己同习近平的对话。两人之间的对话始于今年早些时候在五角大楼的一次会晤。

Officials also said Monday Mr. Panetta would be extending his visit by an extra day and will tour a Chinese frigate and Type O39 Song-class diesel-electric submarine at the People Liberation Army's North Sea Fleet at the China port of Qingdao. He is scheduled to leave for New Zealand on Thursday.

美国官员周一还说，帕内塔将把他的访问时间延长一天，并将参观中国人民解放军北海舰队停泊在青岛港的一艘护卫舰和柴油机-电力推进的039型（“宋级）潜艇。按计划，他将于周四离开中国飞往新西兰。

Chinese security increased its presence around Japanese government offices and businesses on Monday. In Beijing, a tight security cordon in front of the Japanese Embassy there limited protesters to about 50 people, compared with hundreds who pelted the building with eggs and bottles on Saturday and Sunday. In other cities, where protests devolved into vandalism against Japanese cars and businesses, police posted images of the people involved online and asked the public for information on their identities.

周一，中国在日本在华政府办事机构和日本企业周围增加了安保力量。安保人员在北京日本大使馆门前排成紧密的封锁线，把示威者限制在50人左右，而不再是周六周日向使馆建筑投掷鸡蛋和瓶子的数百人。在示威变成打砸日系车辆、日本商户的其他城市，警方在网上发布了参与打砸人员的照片，请民众提供这些人员的身份信息。

Local government attempted to contain violent protests, and declared they would crack down on those breaking the law. In the southern province of Guangdong, where violent demonstrations crippled parts of Shenzhen and Guangzhou, provincial police authorities said most protests were peaceful. A statement released Monday said a small group of people 'attempted to deliberately incite aggressive behavior.'

中国地方政府试图制止暴力抗议，称将对违法者追责。在广东省，暴力示威活动一度使深圳和广州部分城区陷入瘫痪。广东省公安部门说，大多数抗议活动都是和平的。该部门周一发布公告说，有极少数人企图蓄意煽动过激行为。

'We will only maintain reasonable patriotic passion, and express protest demands according to the law, millions of people of one mind, turning anger into strength,' the statement read.

公告称，我们只有保持理性的爱国热情，依法表达抗议诉求，万众一心，化愤怒为力量。

The state-run TingVoa.com news agency said Monday 11 people in Guangzhou had been detained in connection with weekend violence.

中国国有通讯社新华社(TingVoa.com news agency)周一说，已有11人因上周末的暴力事件在广州被拘。

Meanwhile in Xi'an, city police in a statement Sunday evening vowed they would 'decisively punish' those who had taken part in violent protests.

此外，西安警方在周日晚间的一份公告中坚决表示，将“果断处置参与暴力抗议的人。

Still, many Japanese businesses around China closed their doors as a precaution, including restaurants and bars near the Beijing embassy.

尽管如此，仍有很多日企为防万一暂时歇业，其中包括日本驻华使馆周边的餐馆和酒吧。

At a daily news briefing on Monday, Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei said 'China will protect foreign people and foreign companies,' adding, 'Chinese citizens express their views in an ordered, legal way.'

中国外交部发言人洪磊在周一的例行记者会上说，中国将保护外国在华机构和人员的安全，还说希望中国公民理性、依法表达相关诉求。

But Mr. Hong added that the disturbances show the impact on the Chinese public of Japan's recent move to buy the islands. 'The outcome of Japan's wrongdoing has emerged, and Japan has to take responsibilities itself,' he said.

但洪磊也补充说，抗议活动体现了近来日本购岛行为对中国民众的影响。他说，日本方面错误做法的后果已在逐渐显现，有关责任完全在日方。

China also ratcheted up its rhetoric on the potential economic impact of the dispute. The People's Daily, the mouthpiece of the Chinese Communist Party, acknowledged that economic weapons were a 'two-edged sword,' but it added that on issues of territorial sovereignty 'China must meet the challenge.' 'If Japan continues to provoke China, China must fight back,' said the commentary.

此外，在岛屿之争产生潜在经济影响方面，中国也加强了其措辞的严厉程度。中共报纸《人民日报》虽承认经济手段是把“双刃剑，但同时也说在涉及领土主权的斗争中，如果日方继续挑衅，中方必将迎战。

The commentary also said that Japan's economy 'would not be immune' to retaliatory actions by China, adding that Beijing could target Japan's manufacturing or financial sectors as well as other specific export products.

文章说，日本经济对中国的经济手段缺乏免疫力，还说日本的制造业、金融业及特定对华出口产品都有可能成为北京的目标。

China and Japan are major trading partners, with $345 billion in goods moving between them last year. Any move against trade could threaten the economies of both nations as they try to rekindle growth. China's leaders already face pressure to bolster an economy growing at its slowest rate since the aftermath of the 2010 financial crisis.

中国和日本互为主要贸易伙伴，去年两国贸易额高达3,450亿美元。在中日双方均试图恢复增长之际，任何针对贸易之举都可能危及两国经济。中国领导人已经面临着提振本国经济的压力。中国经济增速已放缓至2010年金融危机以来的最低水平。

Potentially complicating the situation, Chinese fishing boats are expected to soon arrive in the Senkaku island region with the onset of fishing season. State media on Monday said about 1,000 boats typically ply the waters. Mr. Hong, of the Foreign Ministry, said the number of boats in the region depends on the fishing season.

可能令局势复杂化的是，随着捕鱼季节的开始，预计中国渔船将于近期抵达尖阁列岛附近海域。中国国家媒体周一说，进入钓鱼岛海域作业的渔船一般约有1,000艘。中国外交部发言人洪磊说，有多少渔船前往钓鱼岛海域作业，取决于该海域的渔业资源情况及气象条件。

Separately, U.S. officials said Monday they want to locate the new land-based x-band radar, formally known as a AN/TPY2, in the southern part of Japan, but not on Okinawa, where the U.S. military presence is deeply controversial. A U.S. team landed in Japan in recent days to discuss where the facility will be located, according to a U.S. defense official.

美国官员周一说，希望在日本南部地区部署名为AN/TPY2的新陆基X波段雷达，但不会部署在冲绳。美国在冲绳驻军已经备受争议。据美国国防部一位官员表示，一个美国团队已于近日抵达日本，讨论雷达设施的选址问题。

'The purpose of this is to enhance our ability to defend Japan, it is also designed to help forward deployed U.S. forces and it will also be effective at protecting the U.S. homeland from the ballistic missile threat,' Mr. Panetta said at a news conference with Japanese Defense Minister Satoshi Morimoto.

帕内塔在与日本防卫大臣森本敏(Satoshi Morimoto)联合举行的资讯发布会上说，此举意在提高我们保护日本的能力，同时也是为了提升已经部署好的美国部队，而且在保护美国本土不受弹道导弹威胁方面也将发挥作用。

The new deployment, Mr. Panetta said, showed the U.S. commitment to Japan and to its new defense strategy that emphasizes the Asia-Pacific region. Mr. Morimoto said the cooperation on missile defense would 'ensure the safety of Japan and the region.'

帕内塔说，部署新雷达显示出美国对日本及对本国新防御战略的承诺。亚太地区是美国新防御战略的重点。森本敏说，日美在导弹防御方面的合作将确保日本和亚太地区的安全。

In the past, some U.S. officials have noted that defense built up against North Korean missiles would also be positioned to track a Chinese ballistic missile. A land-based radar would also free the Navy to reposition its ship-based radar to other regional hot spots, the official said.

一些美国官员过去曾指出，加强针对朝鲜导弹的防御系统也可用来追踪中国的弹道导弹。这些官员说，有了陆基雷达，美国海军就能腾出手来，将舰载雷达重新部署到该地区其它热点位置。

But defense officials said Monday that the new deployment wasn't aimed at China. Mr. Panetta said he will continue to make clear to the Chinese that the U.S. ballistic missile defenses are aimed at North Korea.

但美国国防部官员周一说，部署新雷达并不是针对中国。帕内塔说，他将继续向中国明确表示，美国弹道导弹防御系统针对的是朝鲜。